Wednesday 30 October 2013

DOA JAWSHAN SAGHEER .PRAY TO ALLAH ALMIGHTY TO SAVE SYEIKH NEMIR AND PUNISH THE OPPRESSORS


BISMILLAHIRRAHMANIRRAHIM






Kepada sekelian Mukminin di dunia selepas menerima berita dari satu sumber menunjukkan bahawa mahkamah kerajaan Saudi telah menjatuhkan hukuman bunuh ke atas Ayatollah an Namar pada hari Isnin. Hukuman akan dilaksanakan dikhalayak ramai di ibu kota Riyad, Saudi.

Kami menyeru semua kaum Mukminin di dunia untuk mendoakan supaya hukuman yang zalim itu tidak dijalankan dengan haknya dan dengan kemenangan yang hampir ke atas pejuang ini dan ke atas seluruh pejuang kita yang dipenjara.

Demi kejayaan beliau dan seluruh para mujahid di jalan Allah swt sama-sama kita mendoakannya, dan bersolawat ke atas Rasulullah saw dan Ahlul Bait as.

Solawat.....


To all the believers after receiving news from one source that the Saudi government court sentenced to death _ Ayatollah Namar . Sentence will be carried out in public in the capital city of Riyad, Saudi Arabia on Monday , we pray that God protect him and punish the oppressors .



Allahummaj alni fi dir ikalhaseenah allati taj alu fiihaa man turiid.SOLAWAT

Tuesday 29 October 2013

24 ZULHIJJAH HARI MUBAHALAH




BISMILLAHIRRAHMANIRRAHIM

Peristiwa Mubahalah dalam Al-Quran

Zainal Abidin Nor
 | May 2, 2011
Mubahalah adalah satu kaedah mengakhiri perselisihan dengan masing-masing pihak berdoa kepada Allah agar menjatuhkan laknatNya kepada pihak yang berdusta.
Sumpah laknat yang hangat diperkatakan dewasa ini bukan mubahalah yang didakwa oleh sesetengah pihak kerana mubahalah mengkhususkan kepada perkara aqidah yang melibatkan kepercayaan dan kebenaran dalam agama.
Menurut tafsir Ibnu Katsier, cetakan Kuala Lumpur 1988, Mubahalah adalah suatu cara untuk mengakhiri perselisihan dan pertentangan dengan masing-masing pihak di antara orang-orang yang berbeza pendapat berdoa kepada Allah dengan bersungguh-sungguh agar Allah menjatuhkan laknatNya kepada pihak yang berdusta.
Seterusnya dalam tafsir Ar Rahman, terbitan Jabatan Perdana Menteri cetakan 1980, peristiwa Mubahalah disemadikan dalam Al Quran dalam ayat 61, Surah Ali Imran, dengan firman Allah bermaksud:
“Kemudian sesiapa yang membantahmu (wahai Muhammad) mengenainya, sesudah engkau beroleh pengetahuan yang benar, maka katakanlah kepada mereka:
“Marilah kita menyeru anak-anak kami serta anak-anak kamu, dan perempuan-perempuan kami serta perempuan-perempuan kamu, dan diri kami serta diri kamu.
“Kemudian kita memohon kepada Allah dengan bersungguh-sungguh, serta kita meminta supaya laknat Allah ditimpakan kepada orang-orang yang berdusta.”
Ayat ini dibaca bersama dengan dua ayat sebelumnya iaitu ayat 59 dan 60, firman Allah yang bermaksud:
“Sesungguhnya perbandingan (kejadian) Nabi Isa di sisi Allah adalah sama seperti (kejadian) Nabi Adam.  Allah telah menciptakan Adam dari tanah lalu berfirman kepadanya: Jadilah engkau! maka jadilah ia.
“Perkara yang benar ialah yang datang dari Tuhanmu.  Maka jangan sekali-kali engkau menjadi dari orang-orang yang ragu-ragu.”
Menurut riwayat Alhakim, bahawa yang dimaksud dengan kata “anak-anak kami” ialah Saidina Hassan bin Ali dan Saidina Hussein bin Ali, dengan kata “perempuan-perempuan kami” ialah Fatimah binti Muhammad dan dengan kata “diri-diri kami”ialah Rasulullah sendiri dan Saidina Ali bin Abi Talib.
Turunnya ayat “mubahalah” ialah kerana datangnya utusan orang-orang Nasrani Najran yang mengajak diadakan perdebatan tentang Nabi Isa yang dianggap sebagai anak Tuhan.

Nasrani Najran
Sejarahwan Islam tersohor, Ibnu Ishak dalam buku sejarahnya menyebut, telah datang menghadap Rasulullah saw, utusan orang-orang Nasrani Najran, terdiri daripada 60 penunggang kuda, di antara mereka, terdapat 14 orang bangsawan.
Mereka masuk ke Madinah dan masuk ke dalam masjid Rasulullah ketika baginda bersembahyang Asar.  Mereka mengenakan pakaian mewah sehingga berkata orang-orang yang melihat mereka, “tidak pernah kami melihat utusan sehebat mereka.”
Mereka dibiarkan melakukan sembahyang menurut agama mereka dengan menghadap ke arah timur dan kemudian ketiga-tiga pemimpin mereka – Abu Haritsah bin Alqamah, Abdul Masih dan Al Aiham – bersoal jawab dengan Rasulullah.
Pendirian mereka tentang agama sesuai dengan pendirian raja Rom sekali pun di antara mereka sendiri masih terdapat perbezaan dan perselisihan.
Mereka menegaskan kepercayaan mereka tentang Nabi Isa, bahawa baginda adalah Tuhan, putera Allah dan satu dari tiga senyawa (konsep triniti).
Sebagai dalil dan alasan akan kebenaran kepercayaan itu, mereka kemukakan bahawa Nabi Isa dapat menghidupkan orang mati, dapat menyembuhkan orang sakit, buta dan sopak, memberitahu tentang hal-hal yang ghaib dan membentuk dari tanah liat seekor burung lalu menjadi burung hidup yang bernyawa.
Pada hal Nabi Isa melakukan semua itu dengan izin Allah yang telah memberinya sebagai mukjizat dan tanda kekuasaanNya di atas hamba-hambanya.
Oleh sebab mereka masih berdegil dan tetap dengan pendirian itu, maka Allah memerintahkan Rasulullah mengajak mereka “bermubahalah” di padang yang terbuka.
Tatkala Rasulullah datang ke arena mubahalah dengan disertai Ali, Fatimah, Hasan dan Husain, orang-orang Nasrani terperanjat.
Para pendita Nasrani berharap Rasulullah membawa sebahagian besar sahabatnya untuk bermubahalah dan bukan sekelompok kecil dari ahlubaitnya (keluarganya).
Mereka mengharapkan Rasulullah memanggil seluruh umat Islam seperti mana keluar untuk berjihad, apalagi orang-orang Nasrani telah keluar seluruhnya untuk melakukan mubahalah.

Doa dan munajat
Tetapi medan tersebut bukanlah medan peperangan dan jihad. Ia adalah medan doa dan munajat untuk menegakkan kebenaran dan membuka tabir kebatilan.  Dan tidak ada yang dapat membuka tabir kebatilan kecuali orang-orang yang paling baik dan paling mulia di muka bumi.
Menurut pelbagai riwayat, tatkala Rasulullah menyeru para pendita Nasrani untuk masuk Islam, mereka menolak ajaran baginda dan enggan berbaiah kepada baginda tetapi sebaliknya menuduh baginda dengan kebohongan.
Tatkala dekat dengan saat untuk bermubahalah, para pendita Nasrani dan sekelompok besar para pengikutnya berkumpul, mereka menunggu kedatangan Rasulullah.
Mereka terkejut melihat saat Rasulullah datang dengan langkah yang mantap dengan disertai ahlulbaitnya.  Satu tangan baginda menuntun tangan Saidina Husain manakala satu tangan lagi menuntun Saidina Hasan. Fatimah berjalan di belakang baginda dengan dipenuhi cahaya dan Saidina Ali mengikuti mereka dengan memancarkan kebesaran.
Ketika as-Sayyid dan al-’Aqib (dua pembesar Najran) datang kepada Rasulullah sudah kelihatan pada diri mereka keraguan dan panik. Mereka bertanya, “wahai Abal Qasim (Rasulullah), dengan disertai siapa engkau akan bermubahalah dengan kami?
Rasulullah menjawab, “saya akan bermubahalah dengan disertai sebaik-baiknya penduduk bumi dan semulia-mulianya makhluk di sisi Allah.”
Kemudian, Rasulullah menunjuk Ali, Fatimah Zahra, Hasan dan Husain. Mereka bertanya dengan penuh kehairanan, “mengapa engkau tidak bermubahalah dengan disertai orang-orang besar dan mulia yang beriman dan mengikutimu?”
Rasulullah berkata, “tentu, aku akan bermubahalah denganmu dengan disertai mereka, sebaik-baiknya penduduk bumi dan seutama-utamanya makhluk.”
Hati mereka bergoncang dipenuhi rasa takut dan kekhuatiran.  Akhirnya, mereka kembali menemui pendita mereka untuk meminta petunjuk.
Mereka berkata kepada pemimpin mereka, “wahai Abu Haritsah, bagaimana pendapatmu dalam perkara ini? Pendita mereka menjawab, “aku melihat wajah-wajah yang jika salah seorang dari mereka memohon kepada Allah supaya gunung dihilangkan dari tempatnya maka Allah akan menghilangkan gunung itu.
“Tidakkah engkau melihat Muhammad sedang mengangkat kedua tangannya sambil menunggu terkabulnya doanya.  Demi al Masih, jika dia menggerakkan mulutnya dengan satu kata maka kita tidak dapat kembali kepada keluarga dan harta kita.”
Akhirnya mereka memutuskan untuk segera pulang dan meninggalkan arena mubahalah.  Mereka rela walaupun harus menanggung kehinaan dan membayar jizyah (denda).
Peristiwa mubahalah ini merupakan detik terpenting dalam sejarah Islam. Pengakuan oleh Nasrani Najran ini membuktikan bahawa mereka mengetahui kenabian dan kerasulan Muhammad kerana kalau tidak kenapa mereka berundur dari medan mubahalah.
Mereka juga menerima syarat yang diajukan oleh Rasulullah dengan membayar jizyah.  Kejadian besar ini membuktikan kebenaran kenabian Rasulullah yang mulia dan kebenaran agama Islam yang dibawanya.
Untuk lebih terperinci sila rujuk, kita-kitab muktabar, antaranya:
1. Sahih Bukhari, kitab al-Fadha’il
2. Sahih Tirmidzi, juz 4
3. Mustadrak ala Shahihaian, karya al Hakim
4. Mustadrak, karya adz-Dzahabi
5. Manaqib Ali bin Abi Thalib, karya Ibnu Maghazili asy-Shafie
6. Musnad, karya Ahmad bin Hambal
7. Tarikh Dimasy, karya Ibnu Asakir
8. Tafsir ath-Thabari, juz 3
9. Tafsir al-Kasysyaf, karya az-Zamakhsyari, juz 1
10. Tafsir al Qurthubi, juz 4
11. Asbab an-Nuzul, karya al-Wahidi
12. Ahkam al-Quran, Ibnu Arabi, juz 1
13, Tafsir Fakhrur Razi, juz 2
14. al-Durr al-Mansor, karya as-Suyuthi

 The Verse of Mubahalah (challenge)

 The Verse of Mubahalah (challenge)
(Ahlul Bayt News Agency) - This is: ﴾And unto him who disputeth with thee therein, after the knowledge hath come unto thee, Say! 'come ye, let us summon our sons and your sons, and our women and your women, and ourselves and yourselves and then let us invoke and lay the curse of God on the liars!﴿ (Qur'an 3:61)

Here, all commentators agree that our women refers to Fatimah al-Zahra (AS), and that this is as the Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h) wanted it and showed it practically.

In the story of this dialogue which the Prophet (p.b.u.h) commanded with some Christians, the Prophet (p.b.u.h) took a new route to deal with the situation when the dialogue reached a dead end, and it is this method of challenging which the verse tells us about.

The narration of the great Ali bin Ibrahim al-Qommi, from Imam al-Sadiq (AS) says that: 'The Christians of Najran came (as a delegation) to the Messenger of Allah.... They prayed using the bell; the Prophet's companion objected: O Messenger of Allah! This in your mosque? He said: Leave them (to pray as they like).

When they finished they came to the Prophet (p.b.u.h) and said: To what do you call? He said: To bear witness that there is no God but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah and that 'Isa (Jesus) (AS) is created a slave (of Allah), and eats, drinks and excretes.

They said: Then who is his father? The revelation was then revealed to the Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h) saying: Say to them - what do you say about Adam, has he been created a slave (of Allah), eating, drinking, excreting and marrying? So the Prophet (p.b.u.h) asked them and they replied: yes.

He asked them: Then who is his father? They could not answer, so Allah revealed: Verily, the similitude of Jesus with God is as the similitude of Adam; He created him out of dust, then said He unto him BE, and he became' (Qur'an 3:59) and 'And unto him who disputeth with thee... let us invoke and lay the curse of God on the liars!' The Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h) said: So, challenge me: if I am telling the truth the curse falls unto you, and if I am a liar the curse falls unto me. They said: You are speaking in justice.

They agreed on a date for mubahalah (challenge). When they returned to the places they were staying in, their leaders al-Sayyid, al-'Aqib and al-Ahtam said: If he challenged us with his people, we accept the challenge for he is not a prophet; but if he challenges us with his family in particular we don't challenge him, for he is not going to push forward his family unless he is truthful.

In the morning, they came to the Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h) and with him the Commander of the Faithful, Fatimah, al-Hasan and al-Husain (AS), so the Christians said: Who are those? The people replied: This is his cousin and successor and son-in-law, and this is his daughter Fatimah, and these are his sons al-Hasan and al-Husain. So they became frightened and said to the Messenger of Allah (p.b.u.h): We give you the satisfaction, so give us leave from the challenge.'

Al-Qummi commentary, vol.1, p. 104; Sahih Muslim, vol. 4, p. 1871; Sunan al-Turmuthi, vol. 5, p. 638; Shawahid al-Tanzeel, vol. 1, p. 155; al-Sawa'iq al-Muhriqah, p. 148; al-Kamil fil Tareekh, vol. 2, p. 393.

......'and our women': those amongst women who represent the nearest position to my humanistic and spiritual affiliation in my life, and here I put forward my daughter Fatimah, the Doyenne of the Women of the World, who is 'part of me' and 'Allah becomes angry for her anger and satisfied for her satisfaction' in this great challenge so as to prove that I am absolutely sure about the truth of my call, for man does not put forward his most beloved people to the places of danger unless he is certain of safety.

Deputation of 60 Christians and the Prophet Muhamamd (the day of Mubahilah)

 Deputation of 60 Christians and the Prophet Muhamamd (the day of Mubahilah)
(Ahlul Bayt News Agency) - In the Name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful.

O Allah! Send your blessings to the head of your Messengers and the Last of your Prophets Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), and his pure and cleansed progeny.

Glorious Quran Chapter 3 Verse 61:

﴾And unto him who disputeth with thee therein after the knowledge hath come unto thee, Say! (O' Our Apostle Muhammad!) (Unto them) come ye, let us summon our sons, and (ye summon) your sons, and (we summon) our women and (ye) your women, and (we summon) ourselves and then let us invoke the curse of God on the liars!﴿

This verse refers to the famous event of ' al-Mubahalah ' which took place in the year 10 A.H against the Christians of Najran. A deputation of 60 Christians of Najran headed by Abdul Masih their chief monkpriest came and discussed with the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) the personality of Hazrat Eesa (as).

The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) told them not to deify Jesus for he was only a mortal created by God, and not God Himself. Then they asked who the father of Jesus was. By this, they thought that since he was born without a father the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) would helplessly accept Jesus' father being God himself. In reply to this question was revealed the Verse:

﴾Verily, similitude of Jesus with God is as the similitude of Adam; He created him out of dust then said He unto him BE, and he became.﴿

When the Christians did not agree to this line of reasoning, then this verse was revealed enjoining upon the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) to call the Christians to Mubahalah. To this the Christians agreed and they wanted to return to their place and would have the Mubahalah the next day.

Early next morning the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) sent Salman al Farsi (May Allah be well pleased with him) to the open place, fixed outside the city for the historic event, to erect a small shelter for himself and those he intended to take along with him for the contest.

On the opposite side appeared the Christian prists, while at the appointed hour the Christians witnessed the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) entering the field with Imam Hussain (as) in his lap, Imam Hasan (as) holding his finger, and walking beside him, Lady Fatima (as) and followed by Imam Ali al Murtaza (as). The Prophet (as) on reaching the appointed spot stationed himself with his daughter, her two sons and her husband, raising his hands towards the heaven said:

Lord these are the People of my House

The Chief Monk on knowing that the baby in the lap of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) was his young grandson, Imam Hussain (as), the child walking holding the Prophet's (peace be upon him and his family) hand was his first grandson, Imam Hasan (as), the Lady behind him was daughter, his only surviving issue was Fatima (as) the mother of the two children and the one who followed the Lady was his son in law, the husband of Fatima (as), addressed the huge crowd of the people who had gathered on the spot, and addressed them saying:

By God, I see the faces which, if they pray to God for mountains to move from their places, the mountains will immediately move!

O believers in the Jesus of Nazareth, I will tell you the truth that should ye fail to enter into some agreement with Muhammad and if these souls whom Muhammad has brought with him, curse you, ye will be wiped out of existence to the last day of the life of the earth!

The people readily agreed to the advice counseled by their Leader. They beseeched the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) to give up the idea of the agreed Mubahalah and requested for themselves to be allowed to continue their faith, offering to pay ' Jizya '.
- Al Tabari, Commentary of the Quran, v 2 p 192 -> 193

This historic event of a unique triumph of Islam is taken by the Shias as a religious thanksgiving festival of the triumph against falsehood. Some of the significance of this event are as follows:

• this event un-questionably establishes the truth about the spiritual purity of the Ahl al Bayt

• it proves beyond any doubt as to who are the members of the house of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family)

• the seriousness and the solemnity of the occasion demands absolute purity, spiritual as well as physical in the individuals to serve in the fateful occasion for the Holy Prophet to present them to God as the best one of His creation to be heard in the prayers of Truth!

_____________________________

• Ghayatul Maryam, p 300

• Sahih Muslim, v 4 p 1285 (English Edition), the tradition is as follows:
... (The third occasion is this) when the following verse was revealed: Let us summon our children and your children. Allah's messenger (peace be upon him and his family) called Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Hussain and said: O Allah , these are my family ... 

 Commentary of the Verse of Mubahila

 Commentary of the Verse of Mubahila
 ﴾And whoever dispute with you concerning him, after what has come to you of knowledge, say: 'Come! Let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, and our selves and your selves, then let us invoke in earnest and lay the curse of Allah upon the liars.﴿

Commentary:

This holy verse, because of containing the phrase /nabtahel/ in its Arabic text, is known in Islamic literature as the verse of 'mutual Cursing', /mubahilah/ The Arabic term /mubahilah/ means: to leave the personal tendencies and attracting the attention towards invocation and supplication before Allah (s.w.t.) for asking curse and perdition unto the one who is not right.1

In commentary books from both Sunni and Shi'ah school of thought as well as in some books of tradition and history books, it is cited that in the tenth year A.H., from the side of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his household), some Muslims were commissioned to go to Najran, a region in Yemen! in order to preach Islam The Christian inhabitants of Najran set out a religious mission from their side to attend Medina and discuss with the prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his household).

After some debates and disputes between them and the Prophet (peace be upon him and his household), they felt hesitation and sought for pretexts. Then, this verse was revealed, stating:

﴾And whoever disputes with you concerning him, after what has come to you of knowledge, say: 'Come! Let us call our sons and your sons, our women and your women, and our selves and your selves, then let us invoke in earnest and lay the curse of Allah upon the liars.﴿

That is, any curse which would reach either of two parties showed that that party was not right. Thus, the revelation of this verse put an end to that discussion thereby.

As soon as the missionaries of the Christians of Najran heard the suggestion of performing the mutual curse from the Prophet (peace be upon him and his household) looked at each other while they were surprised They asked the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his household) for respite to contemplate and consult over the subject. Then, when they were dismissed from the presence of the Messenger of Allah, they began consulting with each other The Chief Monk, the Leader of the selected holy group of the Christians told them that they could accept the suggestion. Then, if the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his household) came for cursing with ceremonies and followed by a large group of people, they would not be worried about it and knew that nothing might happen.

But, if they saw that he came to the spot with a few people, they would give up the act of /mubahilah/ and compromise with him.

On the day of cursing, they saw that the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him and his household) entered the appointed spot followed by two boys, a young man and a lady. Those two boys were Hassan and Hussein, (a.s.) the young man was Ali-ibn-Abitalib (a.s.), and the lady was Fatimah (a.s.), the Prophet's daughter.

When the Chief Monk saw them, he exclaimed:

"By God! I see the faces that, if they pray to God for mountains to move from their places, the mountains will immediately move."

"If they curse you, you will be wiped out of existence to the last day of the life of the earth."

Therefore, the Christians asked Muhammad (peace be upon him and his household) to give up the idea of the agreed /mubahilah/ (mutual cursing) and they announced they were ready for compromise. They offered to pay two thousand suits ach of which cost, more or less, at forty dirhams (drachma) every year (in addition to some other things)... .

This event is cited in commentary books of both great sects of Islam: Sunnites and Shi'ites.2

According to some of the Islamic traditions, the day of Mubahilah (mutual curse) was the twenty fourth or twenty fifth day of Zil-Hajj, and its place, at the time of the holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his household) was somewhere outside of Medina which has located inside the city now. At this place, there has been built a mosque by the name of Masjid-ul-'Ijabah which is about two kilo meters far from the Holy Tomb of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his household) in Masjid-un-Nabiy.

'Mutual curse' /mubahilah/ was not confined to that time. Some of Islamic traditions indicate that every believer can apply it, too, if the one wishes. In Nur-uth-ThaqaIayn, vol. 1, p 351 a tradition from Imam Sadiq (a.s.) is narrated upon this subject who has issued a few instructions about it.

In Usul-Kafi, vol 2, section ' mutual curse ', there are also cited five traditions which denote that every believer can apply 'mutual curse' with the opponents, too, by improving oneself through observing the fast for three days. Its order is such that: at twilight he puts his right hand fingers in his opponent's fingers and recites the concerning special supplication.

There may arise a question that when Fatimah (a.s.) was the only woman attended in that event, why does the Qur'an has applied the plural form of the word; " nisa'ana " (our women)? The answer is that there are some examples of this specimen in the Qur'an where Allah refers to a single person in the form of plural, like Sura Al-I-Imran, No 3, verse 181 wherein Allah (s.w.t.) says: ﴾... those who say: 'God is poor...﴿ while only one Jewish person had said that aspersive sentence. Or, the Qur'an, referring to Abraham (a.s.) as an Ummah in himself standing alone against his world, says:

﴾Abraham was indeed a model, ... ﴿ 3

Explanations:

1. Ali-ibn-'Abitalib (a.s.) has been counted as the 'self ' of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his household): "Our selves"

2. When logic, reasoning, and miracle do not make a person accept the Truth, he must be threatened to destruction.

3. The last winning means and the forceful weapon of a true believer is supplication.

4. If you stand firm, the enemy, because of not being right, will retreat.

5. By that great event, the Lord and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his household) made us understood that these holy persons were the assistants and the associates of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him and his household) in inviting people to the Truth and to his sacred goal. They, following him, were ready to face with dangers, and continued the path of his movement.

______________________________________________

1- Majma'-ul-Bayan, vol. 702, P. 452

2- The author of Al-Mizan has cited in his commentary hook, Al-Mizan, vol 3, P 257 that this event has been reported similarly by 51 Companions of the Prophet. Also, in commentary books by Fakhr- Razi, Aloosi, Maraqi, and in Kitab-ul-kamil, by Ibn-'Athir, Vol 2, P. 293, in Mustadrak Hakim,vol.

3, P.150, in Musnad Ahmad-ibn-Hanbal, vol One, P.185, and also in Ruh-ul-Bayan,Al-minar, Commentary of Ibn-Kathir, and in many other Islamic sources, this event has been recorded and it has been confirmed that the Messenger of Allah, (peace be upon him and his household) Ali-ibn-'Abitalib, Fatimah Zahra, Hassan and Husayn (a.s.) were the ones whose prayers were answered This is a worthy document evidence for the greatness and magnificence of Ahlul-Bayt (a.s.) In Ihghagh-ul-Hagh, vol 3, p 49 the names of 61 respected people from the Sunnis school of thought are mentioned who all said this verse is on the greatness of the holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his household) and his Ahlul-Bayt (a.s.)

3- Sura Nahl, No. 16, verse 120 


 طريقة المباهلة إذا أراد الانسان أن يباهل خصمه بها

المباهلة هي الملاعنة و الدعاء على الطرف الآخر بالدمار و الهلاك لإثبات الحقانية لنفسه
 أما صفة المباهلة و طريقتها فتكون بمشابكة أصابع المتباهلين بعضها في بعض و بقول كل من الطرفين : اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَ رَبَّ الْأَرَضِينَ السَّبْعِ عَالِمَ الْغَيْبِ وَ الشَّهَادَةِ الرَّحْمَنَ الرَّحِيمَ ، إِنْ كَانَ ـ ... و يسمي نفسه ـ جَحَدَ حَقّاً وَ ادَّعَى بَاطِلًا فَأَنْزِلْ عَلَيْهِ حُسْبَاناً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ ، أَوْ عَذَاباً أَلِيماً .

ثُمَّ يرُدَّ الدَّعْوَةَ عَلى خصمه فَيقول : وَ إِنْ كَانَ ـ ... و يسمي خصمه ـ جَحَدَ حَقّاً وَ ادَّعَى بَاطِلًا فَأَنْزِلْ عَلَيْهِ حُسْبَاناً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوْ عَذَاباً أَلِيماً" و لن يمضي زمن طويل حتى تستجاب الدعوة و يشمل العذاب الطرف الجاحد للحق و الكافر به ، ( انظر : الكافي : 2 / 514 ) .

Friday 25 October 2013

AL GHADEER HISTORICAL EVENT 18 zulhijjah




  BISMILLAHIRRAHMANIRRAHIM


 Grand Ayatollah Golpaigani: 'Marking Al-Ghadeer event a must'

Grand Ayatollah Ali Safi Golpaigani urged Muslims to mark the historical event of Al-Ghadeer. 

 Grand Ayatollah Golpaigani:

(Ahlul Bayt News Agency) - Islamic Jurisprudent, Ayatollah Ali Safi Golpaigani urged Muslims to mark the historical event of Al-Ghadeer.

The religious cleric extended his sincere felicitations on the occasion of Al- Ghadeer Eid and congratulated all Shia people around the world.

The religious cleric called on Shia people to introduce and show the real picture of this day to all people worldwide.

The festive day of Eid al-Ghadeer has rolled in with spectacular programs and thrill in Iran, amid delightful celebrations across the Muslim world. 

It’s a day in which the Holy Prophet of Islam, by divine command in his last sermon, designated Imam Ali, the first Shia Imam, as his immediate successor.

Muslim scholars and religious leaders refer to Eid al-Ghadeer as the greatest celebration of all religions. 

They say the result of the mission of all the messengers of God became accomplished on this special day in history, because it's a day in which Islam was completed and perfected. 
 Imamah dan Ahlul Bait

Maka bagaimanakah dengan keluarga Muhammad saw sendiri? Dan apabila jumlah para imam dari keluarga Ibrahim as ini selalu dua belas orang, maka mungkinkah jumlah para imam dari keluarga Muhammad pun juga demikian?. Barangkali hadis Nabi saw yang pernah diriwayatkan dalam Sahih Bukhari ini bisa membawa kita kepada kontemplasi mendalam yang selaras dengan pendewasaan beragama. Bukhari-Muslim meriwayatkan, "Agama (Islam) akan selalu tegak kukuh sampai tiba saatnya, atau sampai dua belas khalifah, semuanya dari Qurays." 
 
Ismail Amin*

 Imamah dan Ahlul Bait
Akidah Islamiyah adalah kumpulan kaidah, hukum, landasan, perintah, larangan dan pengetahuan yang universal dan terperinci yang diturunkan Allah SWT kepada hamba-Nya, Muhammad SAW. Rasululullah SAW bertugas memberikan penjelasan kepada umat mausia melalui perantara dakwah dan daulah yang dipimpinnya sendiri. Oleh karena itu setiap perkataan, perbuatan dan taqrir Rasulullah SAW adalah juga aturan Ilahi sebagai pelengkap Al-Qur’an. Semasa hidupnya, Rasulullah menjadi satu-satunya sumber rujukan syar’i yang merupakan pengejewantahan akidah Ilahiah. Adalah mustahil jika aqidah yang berasal dari Allah ini dibiarkan tanpa seorang rujukan yang bertugas menjelaskan aqidah tersebut. Sumber rujukan ini haruslah orang yang memiliki pengetahuan Ilahiah, paling baik, afdhal dan tepat dari sekian manusia yang ada. Untuk memilih dan mengangkat orang yang memiliki kapasitas itu, hanya Allah sendirilah yang berhak menentukan. Sejarah perjalanan manusiapun membuktikan, semua nabi-nabi yang 124 ribu jumlahnya diutus dan diangkat oleh Allah SWT. Tak sekalipun Allah SWT menyerahkan penentuan dan pemilihan orang yang menjadi sumber rujukan kepada hawa nafsu dan pendapat-pendapat manusia. Begitulah sejarah membuktikan, dan tidak ada seorangpun yang menyelisihi ini.
Lewat tulisan ini, saya ingin memperlihatkan ada realitas lain selain Nabi dan Rasul yang juga menjadi ketetapan Ilahi. Allah SWT berfirman, "Dan ingatlah ketika Ibrahim di uji Tuhannya dengan beberapa perintah, lalu Ibrahim menunaikannya. Allah berfirman :"Sesungguhnya Aku akan menjadikanmu seorang Imam bagi umat manusia." Ibrahim berkata, "(Dan aku mohon juga) dari keturunanku." Allah berfirman :"Janji-Ku (ini) tidak mengenai orang yang zalim." (Qs. Al-Baqarah : 124). 
Ayat ini menunjukkan bahwa menurut Al-Qur'an ada satu lagi realitas selain nabi dan rasul yakni imam, sebab bukankah penunjukan Ibrahim sebagai imam setelah ia menjadi nabi dan rasul dengan berbagai ujian ?.  Dalam ayat lain Allah SWT berfirman, "Dan Kami menganugerahkan kepadanya (Ibrahim), Ishak dan Yaqub sebagai suatu anugerah. Dan masing-masing Kami jadikan orang yang saleh. Dan Kami menjadikan mereka itu sebagai pemimpin-pemimpin yang memberi petunjuk dengan perintah Kami, dan Kami wahyukan kepada mereka agar berbuat kebaikan, melaksanakan shalat, menunaikan zakat, dan hanya kepada Kami mereka menyembah." (Qs. Al-Anbiya : 73). Di ayat lain, "…Kemudian Allah memberinya (Dawud) kerajaan dan hikmah dan mengajarinya apa yang Dia kehendaki." (Qs. Al-Baqarah : 41). Dari ayat-ayat ini menunjukkan bahwa penunjukkan imam, khalifah ataupun pemimpin atas umat manusia adalah wewenang dan otoritas mutlak Allah SWT sebagaimana penunjukan nabi dan rasul.
Sebagaimana surah Al-Baqarah ayat 124 di atas, kedudukan imam sebagai jabatan langit selain nabi dan rasul juga dianugerahkan kepada keturunan biologis nabi Ibrahim as.
Pada dasarnya, jabatan imam Allah merupakan tunas dari “Pohon Kejadian” yang menjadi tujuan atas penciptaan manusia di bumi. Sedangkan kenabian atau kerasulan adalah cabang dari “Pohon Kejadian” tersebut. Artiya, institusi ilahiah ini secara gradual diawali lebih dahulu oleh kenabian, kerasulan dan berakhir pada keimamahan. Ini bisa dimaklumi bahwa tidak mungkin ada hukum tanpa ada hakim. Hukum Islam telah sempurna, karenanya dengan wafatnya Nabi terakhir meniscayakan adanya hakim Ilahiah yang mendampingi pelaksanaan hukum. Hakim di bumi inilah yang disebut Imam.
Setelah nabi Ibrahim as wafat, jabatan-jabatan ini terus diwariskan melalui keturunan biologis Ismail dan Ishak yang mana keduanya adalah nabi. Dalam Alkitab dinubuatkan bahwa dari Ismail dan keturunannya akan muncul duabelas orang imam “Tentang Ismael, Aku telah mendengarkan permintaanmu; ia akan Kuberkati, Kubuat beranak cucu dan sangat banyak; ia akan memperanakkan dua belas imam dan Aku akan membuatnya menjadi umat yang besar (Kejadian 17:20). Kondisi serupa juga ditampakkan kepada bangsa Israel pada zaman Musa as yang mana dia telah diperintahkan oleh Allah untuk melantik dua belas orang imam yang dikepalai oleh Harun dan keturunannya, “Dan sesungguhnya Allah telah mengambil perjanjian dari Bani Israil dan telah Kami angkat di antara mereka 12 orang pemimpin” (QS. Al-Maidah :12)
Pelantikan para imam Allah ini menandai kesempurnaan RisalahNya dan puncak dari perjanjian antara Allah dan para nabi yang ditugaskan untuk menyampaikan AjaranNya kepada manusia. Bahkan fungsi utama dari pengutusan seorang nabi atau rasul itu adalah untuk menegakkan kerajaan imam dan umat yang kudus. Al-Qur’an menyatakan: “Dan (ingatlah) ketika Kami mengambil perjanjian dari para nabi dan dari kamu, dari Nuh, Ibrahim, Musa dan Isa putera Maryam, dan Kami telah mengambil dari mereka perjanjian yang teguh”. (QS. 33:7)
Alhasil, substansi yang ingin saya tegaskan, bahwa status seorang imam di dalam Islam bahkan dalam ajaran Ibrahimik lainnya (Yahudi dan Nashrani) memang ada dan dipilih secara mutlak oleh Allah sebagaimana halnya kenabian dan kerasulan. Artinya tidak melalui konsensus. Imam Allah adalah jabatan sorgawi yang kudus dan tidak terbentuk melalui mekanisme pemilihan umum ataupun cara-cara lain yang dilandasi oleh perspektif manusia. Imamah atau kekhalifaan terlalu berharga, terlalu tinggi dan tidak pantas hanya disebut sebagai pemimpin sebuah pemerintahan. Imamah terlalu pelik dan rumit bagi manusia biasa untuk  memilih dan mengangkat sendiri imam mereka. Imamah tidak dapat diputuskan dalam pemilihan. Sebab imamah bukan sekedar masalah mengurus ummat melainkan perwakilan Allah SWT di muka bumi. Karena itu hanya Allah SWT yang berhak memilih dan mengangkatnya.
Sungguh tidak mengherankan bila Al-Qur’an sendiri pernah menegaskan bahwa keluarga Ibrahim as telah dianugerahi suatu kerajaan yang besar.
“Ataukah mereka dengki kepada manusia (Muhammad) lantaran karunia yang Allah telah berikan kepadanya? Sesungguhnya Kami memberikan Kitab dan Hikmah kepada keluarga Ibrahim, dan Kami telah memberikan kepadanya kerajaan yang besar”. (QS. 4:54) Maka bagaimanakah dengan keluarga Muhammad saw sendiri? Dan apabila jumlah para imam dari keluarga Ibrahim as ini selalu dua belas orang, maka mungkinkah jumlah para imam dari keluarga Muhammad pun juga demikian?. Barangkali hadis Nabi saw yang pernah diriwayatkan dalam Sahih Bukhari  ini bisa membawa kita kepada kontemplasi mendalam yang selaras dengan pendewasaan beragama. Bukhari-Muslim meriwayatkan, "Agama (Islam) akan selalu tegak kukuh sampai tiba saatnya, atau sampai dua belas khalifah, semuanya dari Qurays."
Imamah dan Penjagaan Risalah
Setelah jelas dari pembahasan di atas, bahwa Imamah adalah juga jabatan Ilahiah seperti halnya kenabian dan kerasulan. Maka kita selanjutnya mengkaji lebih mendalam tentang peran keimamahan dalam menjaga warisan spiritual Islam. Kita akan mengawali pembahasan imamah dan penjagaan warisan spiritual Islam dari hadits Tsaqalain. Muslim meriwayatkan di dalam kitab Shahihnya, juz 4 hal 123 terbitan Beirut Lebanon, Zaid bin Arqam berkata, "Pada suatu hari Rasulullah SAW berdiri di tengah-tengah kami dan menyampaikan khutbah di telaga yang bernama "Khum", yang terletak antara Makah dan Madinah.
Setelah mengucapkan hamdalah dan puji-pujian kepada-Nya serta memberi nasihat  dan peringatan Rasulullah SAW berkata, "Adapun selanjutnya, wahai manusia, sesungguhnya aku ini manusia yang hampir didatangi oleh utusan Tuhanku, maka akupun menghadap-Nya. Sesungguhnya aku tinggalkan padamu dua perkara yang amat berharga, yang pertama adalah kitab Allah, yang merupakan tali Allah. Barangsiapa yang mengikutinya maka dia berada di atas petunjuk, dan barang siapa yang meninggalnya maka ia berada di atas kesesatan." Kemudian Rasulullah SAW melanjutkan sabdanya, Adapun yang kedua adalah Ahlul Baitku. Demi Allah aku peringatkan kamu akan Ahlul Baitku, aku peringatkan kamu akan Ahlul Baitku, aku peringatkan kamu akan Ahlul Baitku."
Al-Hakim juga meriwayatkannya dalam al-Mustadraknya dari Zaid bin Arqam bahwa nabi bersabda pada Haji Wada', "Sesungguhnya aku telah tinggalkan kepada kalian tsaqalain (dua peninggalan yang sangat berharga) yang salah satu dari keduanya lebih besar daripada yang lain, Kitabullah (Al-Qur'an) dan keturunanku. Oleh karena itu perhatikanlah kalian dalam memperlakukan keduanya sepeninggalku. Sebab sesungguhnya keduanya tidak akan pernah berpisah sehingga berjumpa denganku di Haudh."
Setelah menyebutkan hadits ini Al-Hakim berkata, "Hadits ini shahih sesuai syarat (yang ditetapkan Bukhari-Muslim)." Sebagaimana diketahui bahwa kaum muslimin sepakat untuk mensahihkan seluruh hadits yang diriwayatkan Imam Muslim, maka saya mencukupkan dengan hanya mengutip kedua hadits ini sebab dalam banyak kitab hadits ini pun dinukil. Rasul menyebut keduanya (Al-Qur'an dan Ahlul Baitnya) sebagai Tsaqalain yakni sesuatu yang sangat berharga. Keduanya sebagaimana hadits Rasulullah tidak akan pernah terpisah dan saling melengkapi. Keduanya tidak dapat dipisahkan, apalagi oleh sekedar perkataan salah seorang sahabat pada saat Rasulullah mengalami masa-masa akhir dalam kehidupannya, bahwa Al-Qur'an sudah cukup bagi kita (baca tragedi ini dalam Al-Bukhari pada bab "Al-Ilmu" (Jilid I, hal 22). Muslim meriwayatkannya dalam Shahihnya pada akhir bab al-Washiyah dan juga tertulis dalam Musnad Ahmad jilid I hal. 355).
Rasulullah menjamin bahwa siapapun yang bersungguh-sungguh dan berpegang pada kedua tsaqal ini, maka tidak akan pernah mengalami kesesatan. Kemunduran dan penyimpangan kaum muslimin terjadi ketika mencoba memisahkan kedua tsaqal ini. 
Tentu saja sabda Rasul tentang Ahlul Baitnya yang tidak akan terpisah dengan Al-Qur'an bukan berdasarkan hawa nafsu pribadinya, sebab Allah SWT telah menjamin dalam Al-Qur'an bahwa apapun yang disampaikan Rasul adalah semata-mata wahyu dari-Nya. 
Pertanyaanya, mengapa Al-Qur'an saja tidak cukup menjadi petunjuk bagi kaum muslimin sepeninggal Rasulullah ?. Diantara jawabannya, semua kitab suci adalah kitab-kitab petunjuk yang mengandung prinsip-prinsip dasar petunjuk dan tidak menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip tersebut secara mendetail dan terperinci. Dan para Rasul diutus untuk menjelaskan kitab yang diwahyukan yang menjadi bukti kerasulannya, "Dan Kami tidak mengutus seorang Rasul pun melainkan dengan bahasa kaumnya, agar dia dapat memberi penjelasan kepada mereka. " (Qs. Ibrahim : 4). Apakah semasa hidupnya Rasulullah telah menjelaskan kepada ummat Islam seluruh aturan-aturan dalam Al-Qur'an secara mendetail ? Niscaya kita akan menjawab tidak seluruhnya, sebab selama sepuluh tahun Rasulullah SAW memerintah di Madinah, telah terjadi sekitar dua puluh tujuh atau dua puluh delapan peperangan (ghazwah) dan tiga puluh lima hingga sembilan puluh sariyah. Ghazwah adalah sebuah peperangan yang dipimpin langsung oleh Rasulullah SAW, sedangkan sariyah adalah sebuah peperangan yang tidak langsung dipimpin olehnya. Akan tetapi, ia mengutus sebuah pasukan yang dipimpin oleh salah seorang sahabat yang telah ditunjuk olehnya.
Tentu saja dengan berbagai kesibukan mengatur pertahanan dan peperangan menghadapi kaum kuffar pada awal-awal revolusi Islam membuat Rasululllah tidak sempat untuk menjelaskan semua maksud ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an secara terperinci. Sementara Allah SWT berfirman, " Alif  Lam Ra. (Inilah) kitab yang ayat-ayatnya disusun dengan rapi kemudian dijelaskan secara terperinci , (yang diturunkan) dari sisi (Allah) yang Maha Bijaksana dan Maha Teliti". (Qs. Hud : 1). Dan di ayat lain, "Tidaklah Kami lalaikan sesuatu pun dalam Kitab ini." (Qs. Al-An'am : 38). Berkembangnya paham-paham yang saling bertolak belakang misalnya antara paham Jabariyah dan Qadariyah yang masing-masing menjadikan Al-Qur'an menjadikan landasan pemikirannya, menjadi bukti bahwa kaum muslimin di awal perkembangan Islam mengalami kehilangan pegangan dalam memahami ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an.
Bahwa sesungguhnya Rasul belum menjelaskan seluruhnya, walaupun agama ini telah sempurna, "Pada hari ini telah Aku sempurnakan agamamu." (Qs. Al-Maidah : 3 ). Sebab, "Kewajiban Rasul tidak lain hanya menyampaikan (risalah Allah)." (Qs. Al-Maidah : 99). Bukan berarti Rasulullah sama sekali tidak menjelaskan, "Dan Kami tidak menurunkan kepadamu al-Kitab ini, melainkan agar kamu dapat menjelaskan kepada mereka apa yang mereka perselisihkan itu dan menjadi petunjuk dan rahmat bagi kaum yang beriman. " (Qs. An-Nahl : 64), masalah ini berkaitan dengan Al-Qur'an sebagai mukjizat, berkaitan dengan kedalaman dan ketinggian Al-Qur'an, sehingga hukumnya membutuhkan penafsir dan pengulas.
Al-Qur'an adalah petunjuk untuk seluruh ummat manusia sampai akhir zaman karenanya akan selalu berlaku dan akan selalu ada yang akan menjelaskannya sesuai dengan pengetahuan Ilahi. "Sungguh, Kami telah mendatangkan kitab (Al-Qur'an) kepada mereka, yang Kami jelaskan atas dasar pengetahuan, sebagai petunjuk dan rahmat bagi orang-orang yang beriman." (Qs. Al-A'raf : 52). Dan menurut hadits Rasulullah Ahlul Baitlah yang meneruskan tugas Rasulullah untuk menjelaskan secara terperinci ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an.
Penerus nabi adalah orang-orang tahu interpretasi ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an sesuai dengan makna sejatinya, sesuai dengan karakter esensial Islam, sesuai yang dikehendaki Allah SWT. Imam Ali as dalam salah satu khutbahnya yang dihimpun dalam Nahj Balaqah, khutbah ke-4, "Melalui kami kalian akan dibimbing dalam kegelapan dan akan mampu menapakkan kaki di jalan yang benar. Dengan bantuan kami kalian dapat melihat cahaya fajar setelah sebelumnya berada dalam kegelapan malam. Tulilah telinga yang tidak mendengarkan seruan (nasihat) sang pemandu".
Tentang Imam Ali as Rasulullah bersabda, "Aku adalah kota ilmu, sedangkan Ali adalah pintunya. Barang siapa yang menghendaki ilmu, hendaklah ia mendatangi pintunya" Hadits ini disepakati keshahihannya oleh kaum muslimin sebab banyak terdapat dalam kitab-kitab hadits, diantaranya At-Thabari, Hakim, Ibnu Hajar, Ibnu Katsir dan lainnya. Umar bin Khattab pun mengakui keilmuan Imam Ali as sebagaimana yang diriwayatkan Ath-Thabari, Al-Kanji Asy-Syati'i dan As-Shuyuti dalam kitabnya masing-masing, "Dari sanad Abu Hurairah, Umar bin Khattab berkata, "Ali adalah orang yang paling mengetahui di antara kami tentang masalah hukum. Aku mengetahui hal itu dari Rasululah maka sekali-kali aku tidak akan pernah meninggalkannya" Dalil yang menyatakan bahwa tidak hanya Rasulullah yang mengetahui makna Ilahiah Al-Qur'an, maksud sebagaimana yang diinginkan Allah SWT terdapat dalam ayat, "Sebenarnya (Al-Qur'an) itu adalah ayat-ayat yang jelas dalam dada orang-orang berilmu." (Qs. Al-Ankabut : 49).  Dan Ahlul Baitlah yang dimaksud dengan orang-orang berilmu tersebut.
Dan dengan firman Allah SWT, "Aku hendak jadikan seorang khalifah (wakil) di muka bumi." (Qs. Al-Baqarah : 30), berarti di muka bumi akan senantiasa ada yang menjadi pemimpin otoritatif yang diangkat Allah SWT untuk menjadi khalifahnya. Akan tetap ada di muka bumi orang-orang yang menerima pengetahuan dari sumber Ilahiah. Imam Ali as berkata, "Pengetahuan masuk ke mereka, sehingga mereka mempunyai pengetahuan mendalam tentang kebenaran." Mereka memiliki pengetahuan bukan hasil belajar dan terlepas dari kekeliruan. Mereka pun memiliki 'Roh Tuhan' yang menghubungkan mereka dengan dunia gaib. 
Betapa pentingnya keberadaan Imam dan seorang Khalifah di muka bumi, "Dan kalau Allah tidak melindungi sebagian manusia dengan sebagian yang lain, niscaya rusaklah bumi ini. " (Qs. Al-Baqarah : 251). Sebagian manusia yang menjadi pelindung atas manusia yang lainnya adalah Ahlul Bait sebagaimana hadits Rasulullah SAW, "Perumpamaan Ahlul Baitku seperti bahtera  Nuh, barangsiapa yang menaikinya niscaya ia akan selamat; dan barangsiapa tertinggal darinya, niscaya ia akan tenggelam dan binasa." Seluruh ulama Islam sepakat akan keshahihan hadits ini yang dikenal sebagai hadits Safinah, diantaranya Al-Hakim, Ibnu Hajar dan Ath-Thabrani. Dan kitapun tahu dari informasi Rasulullah bahwa di akhir zaman akan muncul juru penyelamat yang akan menyelamatkan manusia dari berbagai kedzaliman dan menyebarkan keadilan di muka bumi, dialah yang dinanti-nantikan, Imam Mahdi as.
Rasulullah SAW bersabda, "Kiamat tidak akan tiba kecuali kalau dunia ini sudah dipenuhi dengan kezaliman dan permusuhan. Kemudian keluar setelah itu seorang laki-laki dari Ahlul Baitku memenuhi dunia dengan keadilan sebagaimana telah dipenuhi dengan kezaliman dan permusuhan." Hadits-hadits Rasulullah SAW tentang Imam Mahdi sangat banyak jumlahnya.
Hanya saja, sejauh mana kita mencoba mengenali siapa yang termasuk Ahlul Bait nabi, siapakah mereka Imam 12 yang disebut Rasul berasal dari Bani Qurays, dan siapakan Imam Mahdi yang akan muncul di akhir zaman ?. Sebagai muslim adalah kewajiban untuk mengetahui dan taat kepada mereka, sebagaimana wajibnya kaum muslimin taat kepada titah Allah SWT yang termaktub dalam Al-Qur'an.
Dalam Shahih Muslim, Rasulullah bersabda, "Barangsiapa yang meninggal dan tidak mengetahui imam zamannya, maka ia meninggal dalam keadaan jahiliyah." Dan dalam Al-qur'an Allah SWT berfirman, "(Ingatlah), pada hari ketika Kami panggil setiap umat dengan imamnya." (Qs. Al-Isra': 71).
Selamat Hari Raya Ghadir 1434 H, hari diangkatnya Maulana Ali as sebagai imam dan khalifah pengganti Rasulullah Saw dan pelanjut risalah kenabian…
[Mahasiswa Ulumul Qur'an Universitas Internasional al Mustafa Republik Islam Iran]

 Complete Ghadir Khutba

 Complete Ghadir Khutba
In the Name of Allah, the most Gracious, the most Merciful

INTRODUCTION

This is the first English book published by the newly-born Darul Islam Center, Inc., and we hope and pray that it will herald many, many more. It is the Center's gift to the Muslim Ummah in general and to the Muslims of the greater Washington, D.C., areain particular presented to them on the anniversary of Eid al-Ghadir , 1419A.H./1999 A.D.

We owe special thanks to Muhammed Baqir al-Ansari whose Arabic book Altogether in Ghadlr (published by Ansariyan Publications, Qum, Islamic Republic of Iran) is this book's main reference. May the Almighty accept our efforts to serve His religion, and may He guide our steps to what He loves and prefers, Allahomma Ameen.

Darul Islam Center, Inc. Thul-Hijjah 1419/March 1999

PROPHET MUHAMMED NAMES HIS SUCCESSOR(10 A.H./632 A.D.)

Non-Muslims who like to attack Islam accuse the Prophet of Islam of having neglected to name his successor, not knowing that he actually did exactly so in accordance with the Divine order which he had received on Thul-Hijja 17, 10 A.H./March 18, 632 A.D., announcing the name of his successor the very next day, and here are the details:

In 10 A.H./632 A.D., immediately following Hijjatul-Wada' (the Farewell Pilgrimage, the last pilgrimage performed by Prophet Mohammed), a divine order was revealed to the Prophet to convey the remaining Islamic tenets: the annual pilgrimage to Mecca and the Imamate of the Twelve Infallible Imams. The Prophet called upon the faithful to accompany him on his last pilgrimage; he knew that it would be his last and that he would soon have to leave this temporary abode for the eternal one. More than one hundred and twenty thousand Muslims responded to his call.

The Prophet and his company put on the ihram garbs at the appropriate time at Masjid al-Shajara, a short distance from Mecca, his birthplace, which he entered on Thul-Hijja 5, 10 A.H./March 6, 632 A.D. The Prophet's call reached Yemen where' Ali ibn Abu Talib was acting as his representative. Twelve thousand Yemenite pilgrims came out headed by' Ali in response to the Prophet's call to accompany him on his historic Pilgrimage, bringing the total number of those early pilgrims to more than one hundred and thirty-two thousand.

The Islamic pilgrimage starts in the month of Thul-Hijja (month of the pilgrimage), the last Islamic lunar calendar month, and continues for at least ten days. First, each pilgrim dons a special garb called ihram; males' ihram consists of two white sheets or towels covering the upper and lower parts of the body, whereas females wear a full white cotton outfit, simple and modest. This ihram reminds the pilgrim of his/her death and of the equality of all before God. All pilgrims perform the same rituals; none receives any favourable treatment or distinction on account of his status, power, or wealth. The pilgrimage starts by the tawaf the circling of the Ka'ba seven times. The Ka'bais identified in Islamic literature as an earthly counterpart to the Almighty's Throne (' Arsh) in heaven where the angels circle it in adoration. Likewise, in imitation of those angels, Muslim pilgrims circle the Ka'ba in adoration of their Lord. The tawaf is followed by the sa'i: the pilgrims run back and forth seven times between the -Safa and the Marwa in commemoration of Hagar (Hajar), mother of Ishmael, frantically searching for water for her newborn son Ishmael. After that, the pilgrims drink of the well of Zamzam which had appeared miraculously for Hagar and Ishmael, wash with it or use it to make ablution for prayers at the Ka'ba but never to use it in the toilet; Zamzam is too sacred for such an application. Then the pilgrims leave Mecca for Muzdalifa, 'Arafa, and finally Mina to perform certain rites which fall outside the scope of this book which is intended to be a historical account of the Prophet of Islam, not one of fiqh. The author is a writer, a researcher, someone who, according to a friend of mine, "insists on finding out who the foundling's father is!" But he is not a faqih. Now let us go back to our original story after having cast a glimpse at the rite of the pilgrimage in Islam.

It was at' Arafa that the divine command was received by Prophet Muhammad to appoint 'Ali as "Ameerul-Mo'mineen," the Commander of the Faithful, title of the bearer of the highest temporal and religious powers in the Islamic State, one reserved solely for caliphs, those who are supposed to be the most knowledgeable of all people of secular and religious problems and of how to solve them. Muhammad was also ordered to convey to' Ali the knowledge which the Almighty had bestowed upon him so that it would not be lost once he is dead. In Mina, the Prophet delivered two sermons in preparation of the great announcement to come. In the first, he referred to' Ali's caliphate and reminded the audience of one particular hadith which he had conveyed to them on various occasions and which is identified in books of hadith as " hadith al-thaqa- lain," tradition of the two weighty things (the first being the Holy Quran and the second being the Prophet's Progeny, the" Ahl al-Bayt" mentioned in verse 33 of Chapter 33 [al-Ahzab] of the Holy Qur'an). He delivered his second sermon at Masjid al-Khaif, also located in Mina in the Meccan valley. In it, the Prophet reminded his audience of' Ali's Imamate, emphasizing the necessity of disseminating the contents of his sermon, announcing that those present were duty-bound to convey it to those who were absent. In both of these sermons, the Prophet publicly vested upon' Ali both powers referred to above.

As soon as the rituals of the pilgrimage were completed, and to be exact on Thul-Hijja 17, 10 A.H./March 18, 632 A.D., the divine order came to the Prophet embedded in verse 67 of Chapter 5 (a1-Ma'ida) quoted in the text of the Prophet's sermon to follow. The Prophet immediately ordered Bilal ibn Rabah, his caller to prayers and one of his faithful sahaba, to convey the following order to the faithful: "Tomorrow, nobody should lag behind but should go to Ghadir Khumm."

The word "ghadir" means "swamp," an area where rain water gathers to form a shallow lake. Ghadir Khumm is located near the crossroads of trade and pilgrimage caravans coming from Medina, Egypt, Iraq, Syria, and Nejd on their way to Mecca. The presence of water and a few old trees there served as a resting place for trade caravans for centuries. A mosque, called Masjid al-Ghadir, was later built on the same spot where the great gathering took place to commemorate that momentous event, an event which has unfortunately been forgotten by the vast majority of the Muslims who, by thus forgetting, forgot the most important part of their creed, one without which their faith is not complete at all according to the Prophet's sermon to follow and according to the text of the Holy Qur'an...

The announcement conveyed by Bilal was transmitted by one person to another till it reached as far as Mecca proper, and people were wondering about what it could be. They had expected the Prophet to linger a little bit longer at Mecca where the pilgrims could meet him and ask him whatever questions they had about this new institution called "hajj" and about other religious matters.

In the morning of the next day, Thul-1:1ijja 18, 10 A.H./March 19, 632A.D., the Prophet and his 120,000 companions went to Ghadir Khumm, and so did' Ali with his 12,000 Yemenite pilgrims who had to change their route to the north instead of to the south where they would be home-bound. The Prophet also issued an order to four of his closest sahaba, namely Selman-al-Farisi, Abu Tharr al-Ghifari, Miqdad ibn al-Aswad al-Kindi and' Ammar ibn yasir, with whom the reader is already familiar, to clear the area where the old trees stood, to uproot the thorn bushes, collect the rocks and stones, and to clean the place and sprinkle it with water. Then these men took a piece of cloth which they tied between two of those trees, thus providing some shade. The Prophet told those sahaba that a ceremony that would last for three continuous days would be held in that area. Then the same men piled the rocks on top of each other and made a makeshift pulpit over them of camel litters as high as the Prophet's own length. They put another piece of cloth on the pulpit which was installed in the middle of the crowd, giving the Prophet an overview of the whole gathering. A man was selected to repeat loudly what the Prophet was saying so that those who stood the furthermost would not miss a word.

The athan for the noon prayers was recited, and the congregational (jama 'a) prayers were led by the Prophet. After that, the Prophet ascended the pulpit and signaled to' Ali ibn Abu Talib to stand on his right. ' Ali did so, standing one pulpit step below the Prophet. Before saying anything, the Prophet looked right and left to make sure that people were prepared to listen to every word of his. The sun was so hot that people had to pull some of their outer mantles over their heads and under their feet in order to be able to somehow tolerate the heat. Finally the Prophet delivered his historic sermon which he intended, as the reader will see, to be not only for the assembled crowd but for all those who were not present at that gathering and for all their offspring, one generation after another, till the Day of Judgment.

Here is the text of the Prophet's sermon. We hope it will bring the reader guidance in the life of this world and happiness and success in the life to come through the intercession of Muhammad, the one loved most by Allah, peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him, his progeny, and true companions who obeyed him during his lifetime and after his demise and who did not forget or pretend to forget his following khutba:

Linguistically, the meaning of" Arneerul- Mo'mineen " is: the one who bestows knowledge on the believers, the one who "meers" (pours knowledge upon) them.

PROPHET'S HISTORIC GHADlR SERMON
There is a humble translation of the Prophet's historic Ghadir Khumm sermon. The reader can review the original Arabic text included in this book.

All Praise is due to Allah Who is Exalted in His Unity, Near in His Uniqueness, Sublime in His Authority, Magnanimous in His Dominance. He knows everything; He subdues all creation through His might and evidence. He is Praised always and forever, Glorified and has no end. He begins and He repeats, and to Him every matter is referred.

Allah is the Creator of everything; He dominates with His power the earth and the heavens. Holy, He is, and Praised, the Lord of the angels and of the spirits. His favours overwhelm whatever He creates, and He is the Mighty over whatever He initiates. He observes all eyes while no eye can observe Him. He is Generous, Clement, Patient. His mercy encompasses everything, and so is His giving. He never rushes His revenge, nor does He hasten the retribution they deserve. He comprehends what the breast conceals and what the conscience hides. No inner I thought can be concealed from Him, nor does He confuse one with another. He encompasses everything, dominates everything, and subdues everything. Nothing is like Him. He initiates the creation from nothing; He is everlasting, living, sustaining in the truth; there is no god but He, the Omnipotent, the Wise One.

He is greater than can be conceived by visions, while He conceives all visions, the Eternal, the Knowing. None can describe Him by seeing Him, nor can anyone find out how He is, be it by his intellect or by a spoken word except through what leads to Him, the Sublime, the Mighty that He is.

I testify that He is Allah, the One Who has filled time with His Holiness, the One Whose Light overwhelms eternity, Who effects His will without consulting anyone; there is no partner with Him in His decisions, nor is He assisted in running His affairs. He shaped what He made without following a preexisting model, and He created whatever He created without receiving help from anyone, nor did doing so exhaust Him nor frustrated His designs. He created, and so it was, and He initiated, and it became visible. So He is Allah, the One and Only God, the One Who does whatever He does extremely well. He is the Just One Who never oppresses, the most Holy to Whom all affairs are referred.

I further testify that He is Allah before Whom everything is humbled, to Whose Greatness everything is humiliated, and to Whose Dignity everything submits. He is the King of every domain and the One Who places planets in their orbits. He controls the movements of the sun and of the moon, each circles till a certain time. He makes the night follow the day and the day follow the night, seeking it incessantly. He splits the spine of every stubborn tyrant and annihilates every mighty devil.

Never has there been any opponent opposing Him nor a peer assisting Him. He is Independent; He never begets nor is He begotten, and none can ever be His equal. He is One God, the Glorified Lord. His will is done; His word is the law. He knows, so He takes account. He causes death and gives life. He makes some poor and others rich. He causes some to smile and others to cry .He brings some nearer to Him while distancing others from Him. He withholds and He gives. The domain belongs to Him and so is all the Praise. In His hand is all goodness, and He can do anything at all.

He lets the night cover the day and the day cover the night; there is no god but He, the Sublime, the oft-Forgiving One. He responds to the supplication; He gives generously; He computes the breath; He is the Lord of the jinns and of mankind, the One Whom nothing confuses, nor is He annoyed by those who cry for His help, nor is He fed-up by those who persist. He safeguards the righteous against sinning, and He enables the winners to win. He is the Master of the faithful, the Lord of the Worlds Who deserves the appreciation of all those whom He created and is praised no matter what.

I praise Him and always thank Him for the ease He brings me and for the constriction, in hardship and in prosperity, and I believe in Him, in His angels, in His Books and messengers. I listen to His Command and I obey, and I initiate the doing of whatever pleases Him, and I submit to His decree hoping to acquire obedience to Him and fear of His penalty, for He is Allah against Whose designs nobody should feel secure, nor should anyone ever fear His "oppression."

I testify, even against my own soul, that I am His servant, and I bear witness that he is my Lord. I convey what He reveals to me, being cautious lest I should not do it, so a catastrophe from Him would befall upon me, one which none can keep away, no matter how great his design may be and how sincere his friendship. There is no god but He, for He has informed me that if I do not convey what He has just revealed to me in honor of' Ali in truth, I will not have conveyed His Message at all, and He, the Praised and the Exalted One, has guaranteed for me to protect me from the (evil) people, and He is Allah, the One Who suffices, the Sublime. He has just revealed to me the following (verse):

In The Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

O Messenger! Convey what has (just) been revealed to you (with regard to 'Ali), and if you do not do so, you will not have conveyed His Message at all, and Allah shall Protect you from (evil) people; surely Allah will not guide the unbelieving people.(Qur'an, 5:67)

O people! I have not committed any shortcoming in conveying what Allah Almighty revealed to me, and I am now going to explain to you the reason behind the revelation of this verse: Three times did Gabriel command me on behalf of the Peace, my Lord, Who is the source of all peace, to thus make a stand in order to inform everyone, black and white, that: ' Ali ibn Abu Talib is my Brother, Wasi, and successor over my nation and the Imam after me, the one whose status to me is like that of Aaron to Moses except there will be no prophet after me, and he is your master next only to Allah and to His Messenger, and Allah has already revealed to me the same in one of the fixed verses1 of His Book saying, "Your Master is Allah and His Messenger and those who believe, those who keep up prayers and pay zakat even as they bow down" (Qur'an, 5:55), and, Ali ibn Abu Talib the one who keeps up prayers, who pays zakat even as he bows down, seeking to please Allah, the Sublime, the Almighty, on each and every occasion.

I asked Gabriel to plead to the Peace to excuse me from having to convey such a message to you, O 1 Fixed verses are those which are never abrogated; the injunction(s) they contain remain valid forever.

people, due to my knowledge that the pious are few1 while the hypocrites are many, and due to those who will blame me, and due to the trickery of those who ridicule Islam and whom Allah described in His Book as saying with their tongues contrarily to what their hearts conceal, thinking lightly of it, while it is with Allah magnanimous, and due to the abundance of their harm to me, so much so that they called me "ears" and claimed that I am so because of being so much in his (Ali's) company, always welcoming him, loving him and being so much pleased with him till Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime One, revealed in this regard the verse saying: " And there are some of them who harm the (feelings of the) Prophet and say: He is an ear (uthun; i.e. he always listens to' Ali).

1 The pious are always few in any age or time, creed or faith or clime,in any place, in every space. As many as 72 verses in the Holy Qur'an condemnthe majority, praising the minority, underscoring what mankind knew, that thepious are always few. Indeed, the Prophet's statement is quite weighty, wise,terse, and not hasty. Nowadays, only a few pious ones remember this historic sermon and try their best to keep its memory alive. Yes; it is true, the pious are always few ...

Say: One who listens (to' Ali) is good for you; He believes in Allah and testifies to the conviction of the believers and a mercy for those of you who believe; and those who (thus ) harm the Messenger of Allah shall have a painful punishment" (Qur'an, 9:61). Had I wished to name those who have called me so, I would have called them by their names, and I would have pointed them out. I would have singled them out and called them by what they really are, but I, by Allah, am fully aware of their affairs. Yet despite all of that, Allah insisted that I should convey what He has just revealed to me in honor of' Ali. Then the Prophet recited the following verse:)

O Messenger! Convey what has (just) been revealed to you (with regard to 'Ali), and if you do not do so, you will not have conveyed His Message at all, and Allah shall protect you from (evil) people. (Qur'an, 5:67)

O people! Comprehend (the implications of) what I have just said, and again do comprehend it, and be (further) informed that Allah has installed him (Ali) as your Master and Imam, obligating the Muhajirun and the Ansar and those who follow them in goodness to obey him, and so must everyone who lives in the desert or in the city, who is a non-Arab or an Arab, who is a free man or a slave, who is young or old, white or black, and so should everyone who believes in His Unity. His decree shall be carried out. His (Ali's) word is binding; his command is obligating; cursed is whoever opposes him, blessed with mercy is whoever follows him and believes in him, for Allah has already forgiven him and forgiven whoever listens to him and obeys him.

O people! This is the last stand I make in such a situation; so, listen and obey, and submit to the Command of Allah, your Lord, for Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime One, is your Master and Lord, then next to Him is His Messenger and Prophet who is now addressing you, then after me 'Ali is your Master and Imam according to the Command of Allah, your Lord, then the lmams from among my progeny, his offspring, till the Day you meet Allah and His Messenger.

Nothing is permissible except what is deemed so by Allah, His Messenger, and they (the Imams), and nothing is prohibitive except what is deemed so by Allah and His Messenger and they (the Imams). Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime One, has made me acquainted with what is permissible and what is prohibitive, and I have conveyed to you what my Lord has taught me of His Book, of what it decrees as permissible or as prohibitive.

O people! Prefer him (Ali) over all others! There is no knowledge except that Allah has divulged it to me, and all the knowledge I have learned I have divulged to Imam al-Muttaqin (leader of the righteous), and there is no knowledge (that I know) except that I divulged it to' Ali, and he is al-Imam al-Mubin (the evident Imam) whom Allah mentions in Surat ya-Sin: "... and everything We have computed is in (the knowledge of) an evident Imam" (Qur'an, 36:12).

O people! Do not abandon him, nor should you flee away from him, nor should you be too arrogant to accept his authority, for he is the one who guides to righteousness and who acts according to it. He defeats falsehood and prohibits others from acting according to it, accepting no blame from anyone while seeking to please Allah. He is the first to believe in Allah and in His Messenger; none preceded him as such. And he is the one who offered his life as a sacrifice for the Messenger of Allah and who was in the company of the Messenger of Allah while no other man was. He is the first of all people to offer prayers and the first to worship Allah with me. I ordered him, on behalf of Allah, to sleep in my bed, and he did, offering his life as a sacrifice for my sake.

O people! Prefer him (over all others), for Allah has preferred him, and accept him, for Allah has appointed him (as your leader).

O people! He is an Imam appointed by Allah, and Allah shall never accept the repentance of anyone who denies his authority, nor shall He forgive him; this is a must decree from Allah never to do so to anyone who opposes him, and that He shall torment him with a most painful torment for all time to come, for eternity; so, beware lest you should oppose him and thus enter the fire the fuel of which is the people and the stones prepared for the unbelievers.

O people! By Allah! All past prophets and messengers conveyed the glad tiding of my advent, and I, by Allah, am the seal of the prophets and of the messengers and the argument against all beings in the heavens and on earth. Anyone who doubts this commits apostasy similar to that of the early jahiliyya, and anyone who doubts anything of what I have just said doubts everything which has been revealed to me, and anyone who doubts any of the Imams doubts all of them, and anyone who doubts us shall be lodged in the fire.

O people! Allah, the most Exalted and the Almighty, has bestowed this virtue upon me out of His kindness towards' Ali and as a boon to' Ali and there is no god but He; to Him all praise belongs in all times, for eternity, and in all circumstances.

O people! Prefer' Ali (over all others), for he is the very best of all people after me, be they males or females, so long as Allah sends down His sustenance, so long as there are beings. Cursed and again cursed, condemned and again condemned, is anyone who does not accept this statement of mine and who does not agree to it. Gabriel himself has informed me of the same on behalf of Allah Almighty Who he said (in Gabriel's words): " Anyone who antagonizes' Ali and refuses to accept his wilayat shall incur My curse upon him and My wrath." "... and let every soul consider what it has sent forth for the morrow, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah" (Qur'an, 59:18), "And do not make your oaths a means of deceit between you lest a foot should slip after its stability" (Qur'an, 16:94), " Allah is fully aware of all what you do" (Qur'an, 58: 13).

O people! He (Ali) is janb-Allah mentioned in the Book of Allah, the Sublime One: The Almighty, forewarning his (Ali's) adversaries, says, "Lest a soul should say: O woe unto me for what I fell short of my duty to Allah, and most surely I was of those who laughed to scorn" (Qur'an, 39:56).

O people! Study the Qur'an and comprehend its verses, look into its fixed verses and do not follow what is similar thereof, for by Allah, none shall explain to you what it forbids you from doing, nor clarify its exegesis, other than the one whose hand I am taking and whom I am lifting to me, the one whose arm I am taking and whom I am lifting, so that I may enable you to understand that: Whoever among you takes me as his master, this, Ali is his master, and he is' Ali ibn Abu Talib, my Brother and wasi, and his appointment as your wali is from Allah, the Sublime, the Exalted One, a commandment which He revealed to me.

O people! ' Ali and the good ones from among my offspring from his loins are the Lesser Weight, while the Qur'an is the Greater One: each one of them informs you of and agrees with the other. They shall never part till they meet me at the Pool (of Kawthar). They are the Trustees of Allah over His creation, the rulers on His earth.

Indeed now I have performed my duty and conveyed the Message. Indeed you have heard what I have said and explained. Indeed Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, has said, and so have Ion behalf of Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, that there is no Ameerul-Mo'mineen (Commander of the Faithful) save this Brother of mine; no authority over a believer is permissible after me except to him.

Then the Prophet patted ' Ali's arm, lifting him up. Since the time when the Messenger of Allah ascended the pulpit, Ameerul-Mo'mineen was one pulpit step below where the Messenger of Allah had seated himself on his pulpit, while' Ali was on his (Prophet's) right side, one pulpit step lower, now they both appeared to the gathering to be on the same level; the Prophet lifted him up. The Prophet then raised his hands to the heavens in supplication while' Ali's leg was touching the knee of the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet continued his sermon thus:

O people! This is' Ali, my Brother, Wasi, the one who comprehends my knowledge, and my successor over my nation, over everyone who believes in me. He is the one entrusted with explaining the Book of Allah, the most Exalted One, the Sublime, and the one who invites people to His path. He is the one who does whatever pleases Him, fighting His enemies, befriending His friends who obey Him, prohibiting disobedience to Him. He is the successor of the Messenger of Allah and Ameerul- Mo'mineen, the man assigned by Allah to guide others, killer of the renegades and of those who believe in equals to Allah, those who violate the Commandments of Allah. Allah says, "My Word shall not be changed, nor am I in the least unjust to the servants" (Qur'an, 50.29), and by Your Command, O Lord, do I (submit and) say, O Allah! Befriend whoever befriends him (Ali) and be the enemy of whoever antagonizes him; support whoever supports him and abandon whoever abandons him; curse whoever disavows him, and let Your Wrath descend on whoever usurps his right.

O Lord! You revealed a verse in honor of' Ali, Your wali, in its explanation and to effect Your own appointment of him this very day did You say, "This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour on you, and chosen for you Islam as a religion" (Qur'an, 5.3); "And whoever desires a religion other than Islam, it shall not be accepted from him, and in the hereafter he shall be one of the losers" (Qur'an, 3:85).

Lord! I implore You to testify that I have conveyed (Your Message).

O people! Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, has perfected your religion through his (Ali's) Imamate; so, whoever rejects him as his Imam or rejects those of my offspring from his loins who assume the same status (as lmams) till the Day of Judgment when they shall all be displayed before Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, these are the ones whose (good) deeds shall be nil and void in the life of this world and in the hereafter, and in the fire shall they be lodged forever, " ...their torture shall not be decreased, nor shall they be given a respite" (Qur'an,2:162).

O people! Here is' Ali, the one who has supported me more than anyone else among you, the one who most deserves my gratitude, the one who is closest of all of you to me and the one who is the very dearest to me. Both Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, and I are pleased with him, and no verse of the Holy Qur'an expressing Allah's Pleasure except that he is implied therein, nor has any verse of praise been revealed in the Qur'an except that he is implied therein, nor has the Lord testified to Paradise in the (Qur'anic) Chapter starting with "Has there not come over man a long period of time when he was nothing (not even) mentioned?" (Qur'an, 76:1) nor was this Chapter revealed except in his praise.

O people! He is the one who supports the religion of Allah, who argues on behalf of the Messenger of Allah. He is the pious, the pure, the guide, the one rightly guided. Your Prophet is the best of all prophets, and your wasi is the best of all wasis, and his offspring are the best of wasis .

O people! Each prophet's progeny is from his own loins whereas mine is from the loins of Arneerul-Mo'mineen ' Ali.

O people! Iblis caused Adam to be dismissed from the garden through envy; so, do not envy him lest your deeds should be voided and lest your feet should slip away, for Adam was sent down to earth after having committed only one sin, and he was among the elite of Allah's creation. How, then, will be your case, and you being who you are, and among you are enemies of Allah?

Indeed, none hates' Ali except a wretch, and none accepts ' Ali's wilayat except a pious person. None believes in him except a sincere mu'min, and in honor of, Ali was the Chapter of 'Asr (Ch. 103) revealed, I swear to it by Allah: "In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by time that most surely man is in loss" (Qur'an, 103:1-2) except' Ali who believed and was pleased with the truth and with perseverance.

O people! I have sought Allah to be my Witness and have conveyed my Message to you, and the Messenger is obligated only to clearly convey (his Message).

O people! " Fear Allah as Re ought to be feared, and do not die except as Muslims" (Qur'an, 3:102). O people! " ...Believe in what We have revealed, verifying what you have, before We alter faces then turn them on their backs or curse them as We cursed the violators of the Sabbath" (Qur'an, 4:47). By Allah! Redid not imply anyone in this verse except a certain band of my sahaba whom I know by name and by lineage, and I have been ordered (by my Lord) to pardon them; so, let each person deal with ' Ali according to what he finds in his heart of love or of hatred.

O people! The noor from Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, flows through me then through ‘Ali ibn Abu Talib then in the progeny that descends from him till al-Qa'imal-Mehdi, who shall effect the justice of Allah, and who will take back any right belonging to us because Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, made us Hujjat over those who take us lightly, the stubborn ones, those who act contrarily to our word, who are treacherous, who are sinners, who are oppressors, who are usurpers, from the entire world.

O people! I warn you that I am the Messenger of Allah; messengers before me have already passed away; so, should I die or should I be killed, are you going to turn upon your heels? And whoever turns upon his heels shall not harm Allah in the least, and Allah shall reward those who are grateful, those who persevere. 'Ali is surely the one described with perseverance and gratitude, then after him are my offspring from his loins.

O people! Do not think that you are doing me a favour by your accepting Islam. Nay! Do not think that you are doing Allah such a favour lest He should void your deeds, lest His wrath should descend upon you, lest He should try you with a flame of fire and brass; surely your Lord is ever-watchful.

O people! There shall be Imams after me who shall invite people to the fire, and they shall not be helped on the Day of Judgment.

O people! Allah and I are both clear of them.

O people! They and their supporters and followers shall be in the lowest rung of the fire; miserable, indeed, is the resort of the arrogant ones. Indeed, these are the folks of the sahifa; so, let each one of you look into his sahifa!

This reference to the sahifa has been overlooked by most people with the exception of a small band, and we will, Insha-Allah, shed a light on this sahifa later on.

The Prophet continued his historic sermon thus: O people! I am calling for it to be an Imamate and a succession confined to my offspring till the Day of Judgment, and I have conveyed only what I have been commanded (by my Lord) to convey to drive the argument home against everyone present or absent and on everyone who has witnessed or who has not, who is already born or he is yet to be born; therefore, let those present here convey it to those who are absent, and let the father convey it to his son, and so on till the Day of Judgment.

And they shall make the Imamate after me a property, a usurpation; may Allah curse the usurpers who usurp1, and it is then that you, O jinns and mankind, will get the full attention of the One Who shall cause a flame of fire and brass to be hurled upon you, and you shall not achieve any victory!

O people! Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, is not to let you be whatever you want to be except so that He may distinguish the bad ones from among you from the good, and Allah is not to make you acquainted with the unknown.

O people! There shall be no town that falsifies except that Allah shall annihilate it on account of its falsehood before the Day of Judgment, and He shall give al-lmam al-Mehdi (U authority over it, and surely Allah's promise is true.

1 This is surely a Prophetic prediction that' Ali's right to the caliphate would be usurped. The usurpers were the very first to swear the oath of allegiance to Ameerul-Mo'mineen ' Ali and the very first to violate it.

O people! Most of the early generations before you have strayed, and by Allah, He surely annihilated the early generations, and He shall annihilate the later ones. Allah Almighty has said, "Did We not destroy the former generations? Then did We follow them up with later ones. Even thus shall We deal with the guilty. Woe on that Day to the rejecters!" (Qur'an, 77: 16-19).

O people! Allah has ordered me to do and not to do, and I have ordered 'Ali to do and not to do, so he learned what should be done and what should not; therefore. you should listen to his orders so that you may be safe, and you should obey him so that you may be rightly guided. Do not do what he forbids you from doing so that you may acquire wisdom. Agree with him, and do not let your paths be different from his.

O people! I am al-Sirat al-Mustaqeem (the Straight Path) of Allah whom He commanded you to follow, and it is after me 'Ali then my offspring from his loins, the Imams of Guidance: they guide to the truth and act accordingly.

Then the Prophet recited the entire text of Surat al-Fatiha and commented by saying: It is in my honor that this (Sura) was revealed, including them (the Imams) specifically; they are the friends of Allah for whom there shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve; truly the Party of Allah are the winners. Indeed, it is their enemies who are the impudent ones, the deviators, the brethren of Satan; they inspire each other with embellished speech out of their haughtiness.

Indeed, their (Imams') friends are the ones whom Allah, the Exalted One, the Great, mentions in His Book saying, "You shall not find a people who believe in Allah and in the latter Day befriending those who act in opposition to Allah and to His Prophet, even though they may be their own fathers or sons or brothers or kinsfolk; these are they into whose hearts He has impressed conviction" (Qur'an, 58:22). Indeed, their (Imams') friends are the mu'mins (believers) whom Allah, the Exalted One, the Sublime, describes as: "Those who believe and do not mix up their faith with iniquity, those are the ones who shall have the security, and they are the rightly guided" (Qur'an, 6:82).

Indeed, their friends are those who believed and never doubted. Indeed, their friends are the ones who shall enter Paradise in peace and security; the angels shall receive them with welcome saying, "Peace be upon you! Enter it and reside in it forever!"

Indeed, their friends shall be rewarded with Paradise where they shall be sustained without having to account for anything.

Indeed, their enemies are the ones who shall be hurled into the fire.

Indeed, their enemies are the ones who shall hear the exhalation of hell as it increases in intensity, and they shall see it sigh.

Indeed, their enemies are the ones thus described by Allah: "Whenever a nation enters, it shall curse its sister..." (Qur'an, 7:38).

Indeed, their enemies are the ones whom Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, describes thus: "Whenever a group is cast into it, its keepers shall ask them: Did any warner not come to you? They shall say: Yea! Indeed, there came to us a warner but we rejected (him) and said: Allah has not revealed anything; you are only in a great error. And they shall say: Had we but listened or pondered, we would not have been among the inmates of the burning fire. So they shall acknowledge their sins, but far will be forgiveness) from the inmates of the burning fire" (Qur'an, 67:8-11).

Indeed, their friends are the ones who fear their Lord in the unseen; forgiveness shall be theirs and a great reward.

O people! What a difference it is between the fire and the great reward! .

O people! Our enemy is the one whom Allah censures and curses, whereas our friend is everyone praised and loved by Allah.

O people! I am the Warner (nathir) and' Ali is the one who brings glad tidings (bashir).

O people! I am the one who warns (munthir) while 'Ali is the guide (hadi).

O people! I am a Prophet (nabi) and' Ali is the successor (wasi).

O people! I am a Messenger (rasul) and' Ali is the Imam and the Wasi after me, and so are the Imams after him from among his offspring. Indeed, I am their father, and they shall descend from his loins.

Indeed, the seal of the lmams from among us is al-Qa'im al-Mehdi. He, indeed, is the one who shall come out so that the creed may prevail. He, indeed, is the one who shall seek revenge against the oppressor. He, indeed, is the one who conquers the forts and demolishes them. He, indeed, is the one who subdues every tribe from among the people of polytheism and the one to guide it.

He is the one who shall seek redress for all friends of Allah. He is the one who supports the religion of Allah. He ever derives (his knowledge) from a very deep ocean. He shall identify each man of distinction by his distinction and every man of ignorance by his ignorance. He shall be the choicest of Allah's beings and the chosen one. He is the heir of all (branches of) knowledge, the one who encompasses every perception. He conveys on behalf of his Lord, the Exalted and the Sublime, who points out His miracles. He is the wise, the one endowed with wisdom, the one upon whom (Divine) authority is vested.

Glad tidings of him have been conveyed by past generations, yet he is the one who shall remain as a Hujja, and there shall be no Hujja after him nor any right except with him, nor any noor except with him. None, indeed, shall subdue him, nor shall he ever be vanquished. He is the friend of Allah on His earth, the judge over His creatures, the custodian of what is evident and what is hidden of His.

O people! I have explained (everything) for you and enabled you to comprehend it, and this 'Ali shall after me explain everything to you.

At the conclusion of my khutba, I shall call upon you to shake hands with me to swear your allegiance to him and to recognize his authority, then to shake hands with him after you have shaken hands with me.

I had, indeed, sworn allegiance to Allah, and ‘Ali had sworn allegiance to me, and I on behalf of Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, I require you to swear the oath of allegiance to him: "Surely those who swear (the oath of) allegiance to you do but swear allegiance to Allah; the hand of Allah is above their hands; therefore, whoever reneges (from his oath), he reneges only to the injury of his own soul, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted with Allah, He will grant him a mighty reward" (Qur'an,48:10).

O people! The pilgrimage (hajj) and the 'umra are among Allah's rituals; "So whoever makes a pilgrimage to the House or pays a visit (to it), there is no blame on him if he goes round them [Safa and Marwa] both" (Qur'an, 2:158).

O people! Perform your pilgrimage to the House, for no members of a family went there except that they became wealthy, and receive glad tidings! None failed to do so except that their lineage was cut-off and were impoverished.

O people! No believer stands at the standing place [at 'Arafa] except that Allah forgives his past sins till then; so, once his pilgrimage is over, he resumes his deeds.

O people! Pilgrims are assisted, and their expenses shall be replenished, and Allah never suffers the rewards of the doers of good to be lost.

O people! Perform your pilgrimage to the House by perfecting your religion and by delving into fiqh, and do not leave the sacred places except after having repented and abandoned (the doing of anything prohibited).

O people! Uphold prayers and pay the zakat as Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, commanded you; so, if time lapses and you were short of doing so or you forgot, ' Ali is your wali and he will explain for you.

He is the one whom Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, appointed for you after me as the custodian of Hiscreation. He is from me and I am from him, and he and those who will succeed him from my progeny shall inform you of anything you ask them about, and they shall clarify whatever you do not know.

Halal and haram things are more than I can count for you now or explain, for a commandment to enjoin what is permissible and a prohibition from what is not permissible are both on the same level, so I was ordered (by my Lord) to take your oath of allegiance and to make a covenant with you to accept what I brought you from Allah, the Exalted One and the Sublime, with regards to' Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen and to the wasis after him who are from me and from him, a standing Imamate whose seal is al-Mehdi till the Day he meets Allah Who decrees and Who judges.

O people! I never refrained from informing you of everything permissible or prohibitive; so, do remember this and safeguard it and advise each other to do likewise; do not alter it; do not substitute it with something else.

I am now repeating what I have already said: Uphold the prayers and pay the zakat and enjoin righteousness and forbid abomination.

The peak of enjoining righteousness is to resort to my speech and to convey it to whoever did not attend it and to order him on my behalf to accept it and to (likewise) order him not to violate it, for it is an order from Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, and there is no knowledge of enjoining righteousness nor prohibiting abomination except that it is with a ma'soom Imam.

0 people! The Qur'an informs you that the Imams after him are his (Ali's) descendants, and I have already informed you that they are from me and from him, for Allah says in His Book, " And he made it a word to continue in his posterity so that they may return " (Qur'an, 43:28) while I have said: "You shall not stray as long as you uphold both of them (simultaneously)."

O people! (Uphold) piety, (uphold) piety, and be forewarned of the Hour as Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, has said, "0 people! Guard (yourselves) against (punishment from) your Lord; surely the violence of the Hour is a grievous thing" (Qur'an, 22:1).

Remember death, resurrection, the judgment, the scales, and the account before the Lord of the Worlds, and (remember) the rewards and the penalty. So whoever does a good deed shall be rewarded for it, and whoever commits a sin shall have no place in the Gardens.

O people! You are more numerous than (it is practical) to shake hands with me all at the same time, and Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, commanded me to require you to confirm what authority I have vested upon 'Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen and to whoever succeeds him of the Imams from me and from him, since I have just informed you that my offspring are from his loins.

You, therefore, should say in one voice: "We hear, and we obey; we accept and we are bound by what you have conveyed to us from our Lord and yours with regard to our Imam' Ali (V' Ameerul-Mo'mineen, and to the Imams, your sons from his loins. We swear the oath of allegiance to you in this regard with our hearts, with our souls, with our tongues, with our hands. According to it shall we live, and according to it shall we die, and according to it shall we be resurrected. We shall not alter anything or substitute anything with another, nor shall we doubt nor deny nor suspect, nor shall we violate our covenant nor abrogate the pledge. You admonished us on behalf of Allah with regard to' Ali (V' Ameerul-Mo'mineen, and to the Imams whom you mentioned to be from your offspring from among his descendants after him: al-Hasan and al-Husain and to whoever is appointed (as such) by Allah after them. The covenant and the pledge are taken from us, from our hearts, from our souls, from our tongues, from our conscience, from our hands. Whoever does so by his handshake, it shall be so, or otherwise testified to it by his tongue, and we do not seek any substitute for it, nor shall Allah see our souls deviating there from. We shall convey the same on your behalf to anyone near and far of our offspring and families, and we implore Allah to testify to it, and surely Allah suffices as the Witness and you, too, shall testify for us."

O people! What are you going to say?! Allah knows every sound and the innermost of every soul; "Whoever chooses the right guidance, it is for his own soul that he is rightly guided, and whoever strays, it is only to its detriment that he goes astray" (Qur'an, 17:15).

O people! Swear the oath of allegiance to Allah, and swear it to me, and swear it to' Ali Ameerul-Mo'mineen, and to al-Hasan and al-Husain and to the Imams from their offspring in the life of this world and in the hereafter, a word that shall always remain so. Allah shall annihilate anyone guilty of treachery and be merciful upon everyone who remains true to his word: "Whoever reneges (from his oath), he reneges only to the harm of his own soul, and whoever fulfills what he has covenanted with Allah, He will grant him a mighty reward" (Qur'an, 48:10)

O people! Repeat what I have just told you to, and greet' Ali with the title of authority of "Ameerul-Mo'mineen" and say: "We hear, and we obey, O Lord! Your forgiveness (do we seek), and to You is the eventual course" (Qur'an, 2:285), and you should say: "All praise is due to Allah Who guided us to this, and we would not have found the way had it not been for Allah Who guided us" (Qur'an, 7:43).

O people! The merits of' Ali ibn Abu Talib with Allah, the Exalted and the Sublime, the merits which are revealed in the Qur'an, are more numerous than I can recount in one speech; so, whoever informs you of them and defines them for you, you should believe him.

O people! Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger and' Ali (U and the Imams to whom I have already referred shall attain a great victory. O people! Those foremost from among you who swear allegiance to him and who pledge to obey him and who greet him with the greeting of being the Commander of the Faithful are the ones who shall win the Gardens of Felicity.

O people! Say what brings you the Pleasure of Allah, for if you and all the people of the earth disbelieve, it will not harm Allah in the least.

O Lord! Forgive the believers through what I have conveyed, and let Your Wrath descend upon those who renege, the apostates, and all Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.

CONCLUSION:

Thus did the Prophet of Allah speak on behalf of the Almighty Who sent him as the beacon of guidance not only for the Muslims but for all mankind. But the question that forces itself here is: "What happened after that historic event? Why did the Muslims forget, or pretend to have forgotten, their Prophet's instructions with regards to' Ali and "elected" someone else in his stead? To answer this question requires another book, and indeed many such books have been written. May the Almighty grant all of us guidance, and may He count us among His true servants who recognize the truth when they see it, who abide by His tenets, Who revere His Prophet and follow his instructions in all times, in all climes, Allahomma Ameen.





REFERENCES: KHUTBA OF AL-GHADEER

The following constitutes only major references of the components of Khutba of Ghadeer. In these references the reader can deliberate on the various portions of this historic sermon as quoted in bits and pieces in those references. Most of these references are considered reliable by the majority of Muslims (of the Shi'a or Sunni persuation):

Jalaal ad-Deen al-Sayyuti, Kitaab Al-Itqaan, Vol. 1, p. 31.
al-Majlisi, Bihaar.al-Anwaar, Vol. 21, pp. 360-90, Vol. 37, pp. 111-235, and Vol. 41, p. 228.He Quotes book al-Ih'tijaj by al-Tibrisi (vol.2)
Al-Bldaaya wal Nihaaya, Vol. 5, p. 208.
Badee' al-Ma'aani, p. 75
Tareekh Baghdad, V01. 1, p. 411 and V01. 8, p. 290.
Tareekh Dimashq, Vol. 5, p. 210.
Ibn al-Jawziyya, Tadh'kirat al-Khawaas, pp. 18-20.
Ibn al-Sa'ud's Tafseer, Vol. 8, p. 292.
Al-Tibari, Tafseer al-Qur'an, Vol. 3, p. 428 and Vol. 6, p. 46.
al-Fakhr al-Razi, Al-Tafseer al-Kabeer, Vol. 3, p. 636.
Al-Tamhid fi USool al-Deen, p. 171.
Tayseer al-Wusul, Vol. 1, p. 122.
Ghiyaath ad-Din ibn Hammaam, Tareekh Habib al-Siyar, V01. 1, p. 144.
al-Maqrizi, Khutat, p. 223.
al-Sayyuti, Al-Durr al-Manthur, Vol. 2, pp. 259, 298.
Thakhaa'ir al-'Uqba, p. 68.
Ruh al-Ma'aani, Vol. 2, p. 348.
Mohibb al-Tabal-;, AI.Riyadh al-r:adhirah, Vol. 2, p.169.
Al-Siraaj al-Munir, Vol. 4, p. 364.
al-Hakim, Al-Seera al-Halabiyya, Vol. 3, p. 302.
Shar'h al-Mawaahib, V01. 7, p. 13.
Ibn Hajar al-' Asqalaani, Al-Sawaa'iq al-Muhriqa, p. 26.
Ibn al-Badriq, Al-'Umda, p. 52.
Badr ad-Deen, 'Umdat al-Qari fi Shar'h al-Bukhari, V01. 8, p. 584.
al-Ghadeer, V01. 2, p. 57.
Sharafud-Deen al-Musawi, AI-Fusul al-Muhimma, pp. 25-27.
Fadha 'il al-Sahaaba, p. 272.
Faydh al-Ghadeer, V01. 6, p. 218.
Kashf al-Ghumma, p. 94.
Kifaayat al- Taalib, pp. 17, 28.
al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Kanz al-'Ummaal, Vol. 6, p. 397.
Imam Ibn Hanbal, Mus'nad, V01. 4, p. 281.
Mishkaat al-Masabeeh, p. 272.
Mushkil al-aathaar, Vol. 3, p. 196.
Mataalib al-Su'ul, p. 16.
Muftah al-Najaat, p. 216.
al-Shahristaani, AI-Milal wal Nihal, V 01. 1, p. 220.
al-Khawarizmi, Manaaqib, pp. 80, 94.
Ibn al-Maghaazli, Manaaqib, p. 232.
al-Qastalani, Al-Mawaahib, Vol. 2, p. 13.
al-Samhudi, Wafaa' al-Wafaa', Vol. 2, p. 173.
al-Qanduzi, Yanabi al-Mawadda, p. 120. 

SOLAWAT