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Name :Bibi Khadija ibnt-e-
Khawailadt (SA)
Title : Umm-ul-Momineen
Agnomen : Tahira
Father : Khawailad ibn Asad
Mother :Fatima
Birth :at Makkah
Death :10th Ramadan 2 years before Hejira at the age of 65
years. Buried in Mecca
There are only four women in the entire world who measured up to the lofty standards of real greatness and perfection set by Islam. They are:
1. Bibi Asiya (SA), the God fearing wife of Pharaoh
2. Bibi Maryam (SA), the mother of Jesus (Isa) (AS)
3. Bibi Khadija (SA), the daughter of Khawailad
4. Bibi Fatima Zahra (SA), the daughter of Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW)
Bibi Khadija (SA), the holy wife of The Lord of Prophets, Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the mother of the Mistress of the Ladies of the Worlds, Bibi Fatima Zahra (SA), combined in her person all those attributes, which add up to perfection. Malikatul Arab (SA) was the ideal woman, the ideal wife for The Seal of Prophets, Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW), and the ideal mother.
Early Life of Bibi Khadija-tul-Kubra (SA)
After the death of Khawailad, Bibi Khadija (SA) took charge of the family business, and as a result, it rapidly expanded. With the profits she made, Bibi Khadija (SA) helped the poor, the widows, the orphans, the sick and the disabled. If there were any poor girls, Bibi Khadija (SA) married them off, and gave them dowry.
Although some family members acted as Bibi Khadija’s (SA) advisors on business matters, she trusted her own judgment, yet she still welcomed their advice and considered it. Most merchants who had cargo to sell in Syria or Yemen, such as Bibi Khadija (SA), didn’t have any interest in traveling with their caravans. So someone called an agent, was sent in the merchants place. The man chosen for the job was usually well known for his responsible business sense.
Bibi Khadija (SA) hired an agent whenever her caravan was equipped and ready to away. She gave him the responsibility of carrying and selling her merchandise in the foreign markets. By wisely selecting smart agents, and selling and buying at the right time and the right place, Bibi Khadija (SA) made fantastic profits, which made her the richest merchant in Mecca. Whenever caravans of the Meccan merchants set out on their journey, the cargo of Bibi Khadija (SA) alone was equal to the cargo of all the other merchants of the Quraysh put together. The citizens of Mecca referred to Bibi Khadija (SA) as the Princess of Quraysh because she demonstrated the proverbial “golden touch,” which implied that whatever she touched practically turned into gold.
Bibi Khadija (SA) had a deep dedication to Islam, and love for and gratitude to Allah. She sacrificed all her wealth for Islam and stood by the side of her husband, the Messenger of Islam (SAW). Holy Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) did not take another wife as long as Bibi Khadija (SA) lived.
Muhammad ibn Ishaq, the biographer of the Prophet (SAW), says that when Divine revelation was resumed after its cessation following the first two visits of Gabriel, Bibi Khadija (SA) received a tribute and a salutation of peace from Allah Almighty. Gabriel communicated the message to Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and when he conveyed it to Bibi Khadija (SA), her words were: “Allah is Peace, and from Him is all Peace, and may peace be on Gabriel.”
The Prophet (SAW) forever remembered Bibi Khadija (SA) with love, affection and gratitude. Her death filled his heart with deep pain and sorrow. Bibi Khadija (SA) expired on the 10 Ramadan of the 10th year of the Proclamation of Islam in 619, and was laid to rest in Hujun, Meccah Mukarramah. The Messenger of Allah himself descended into her grave to lay in it for a few moments. He (SAW) smoothed the earth on her grave after the burial.
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was asked about his wife the great Muslim lady, ‘Bibi Khadija-tul Kubra (RA), he said: “When none believed me, Bibi Khadija (RA) did. She made me a partner in her wealth.”
Bibi Khadija (RA), married the Holy Prophet (SAW) when she was 40 and he was 25. She stood by the Prophet (SAW) all the time. In moments of trial and difficulty the Prophet (SAW) used to come to her and she consoled and comforted her husband and encouraged him. Bibi Khadija’s (RA) wealth was used for the cause of Islam. The Prophet (SAW) remained busy in preaching Islam and his devoted and loving wife looked after the children and family affairs.
In Mecca, the Quraysh did all they could to stop the Prophet (SAW) preaching Islam. Nothing worked. The Prophet (SAW) continued his mission, relying on Allah. Bibi Khadija (RA) was his source of encouragement and comfort. She also had to bear enormous strain and suffering during the boycott at Sha’bi (the valley of) Abu Talib for three years.
The great Muslim lady Bibi Khadija (RA) passed away on10th Ramadan in the tenth year of Hejira, 620 CE, at the age of 65. Her death was a great loss to the Prophet (SAW). He said:
“I cannot bear the scene, I believe that Allah has kept much good in it.”
He loved Bibi Khadija (RA) so dearly that after her death he used to remember her often. Bibi Khadija’s (RA) status was such that the Angel Jibraeel (AS) used to bring salam (greetings) for her from Almighty Allah.
Her Marriage:
The holy matrimony between the 25-year-old Prophet (SAW) and the noble lady 40-year-old Bibi Khadija (SA) marked the starting point of great transformations in Islamic history. (Kanzul-Daqaieq, vol. 1, p. 397).
This felicitation and glorious wedlock provided the Prophet (SAW) with a strong financial backing to withstand the threats and economic sanctions of polytheists and to continue his mission unhindered. Above all, placed a sympathetic pious companion at his side in the difficult course of his Prophetic mission. (Muruj az-Zahab, Vol. 2, p. 284).
Bibi Khadija (SA) so earnestly and with such great love and devotion rested full authority of all her wealth on the Prophet (SAW), to ease the difficulties and release the pressure on new Muslim converts, that Almighty God brought her great generosity to the attention of the Prophet (SAW) with the descending of the following Verse which says: “... and found you in poverty and made you free from need.”. (Biharul-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 34. Holy Qur’an “Wa Zuha”, Verse 8).
Hadrat Khadija (S.A.), Mother of All True Believers
"By God, the Almighty did not grant me a better wife than her. She believed in me when the people used to mock at me and she acknowledged me when the people denied me. She shared her wealth and property with me and she bore me children which I was not destined to have through other women." (Sahih Bukhari)
These are not the emotional words of any ordinary husband lamenting the loss of a wife. These are, in fact the words of the Last Divine Messenger to mankind, who, as God vouches in the Holy Qur’an: “Does not speak out of desire. It is naught but revelation that is revealed.” (53:3,4)
Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) did not express these words in the state of bereavement at the passing away of the faithful Khadija (SA), who for over 25 years was his one and only spouse. He said these years later when one of the many wives that he had taken in the last ten years of his life out of social necessity, dared to mock the memory of the Mother of all true Believers (Umm al-Momenin) and thought herself as a younger and better wife. (Those interested in the identity of that barren woman who was duly reprimanded by the Prophet for her insult to the memory of Hazrat Khadija (SA) should refer to authentic compilations of hadith including the one by the esteemed Sunni scholar Bukhari).
A closer scrutiny of the Prophet’s tribute to his beloved wife reveals some interesting facts. It is a confirmation of the great sacrifices offered by Hazrat Khadija (SA) to the cause of Islam and Muslims. She was no ordinary Arab lady. As the daughter of the noble Khuwailed, she was linked five generations earlier to the same pedigree as the Prophet’s. She was respected in the pre-Islamic society of Arabia, not mere for her vast wealth that earned her the title of Malikat al-Arab (Queen of Arabia) but for her wisdom, knowledge, dignity, excellent temperament and above all chastity to the extent that she was acclaimed as Tahera (Spotlessly Pure).
On hearing of the reputation of Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) – who had not yet been commanded by God to announce his mission – as Sadeq (Truthful) and Ameen (Trustworthy), she entrusted him with management of her trade caravans. Impressed by the 25-year old youth’s honesty in discharging his duties, she proposed marriage to him, thereby setting a lasting precedent (as is evident in the Aqd formula for every Muslim marriage) that it is the woman who proposes and the man who accepts.
The Prophet consulted his uncle and guardian Hazrat Abu Taleb (AS), and history bears witness that the latter along with his younger brother Hazrat Hamza (AS) and other chiefs of prominent Arab families assembled at the house of Hazrat Khadija (SA) to formally seal the marriage offer. The nuptials were solemnised with great rejoicing by Abu Taleb (AS) who recited the khutba on behalf of his nephew the groom.
For the next quarter century they made the perfect husband and wife pair. Fifteen years after marriage when divine revelation dawned upon the husband the dedicated wife immediately believed in his mission as the Almighty’s Last Messenger to mankind and thereafter spent all her wealth in the propagation of Islam and protection of the neo Muslim community from persecution and poverty. Afif al-Kindi, who years later became a Muslim, says that on one of his visits to Mecca he accompanied Abbas ibn Abdul-Mutallib to the Ka’ba where an unfamiliar sight greeted him. He saw a man praying in what appeared to him a strange manner, while behind him stood a lady and a lad, earnestly emulating his acts of worship as he bent down in genuflexion (ruku’) and touched his forehead on the ground in prostration (sajda). He was told that the gentleman was (Prophet) Muhammad (SAWA), the lady was his wife Khadija (SA) and the lad was his cousin and ward, Ali ibn Abi Taleb (AS). Afif was told: Besides these three there is no one in the world professing the new faith.
The couple had several children including son Qasem, from whom the Prophet derived his agnomen (kunya) Abu’l-Qasem. But all died in infancy except the youngest daughter Fatema az-Zahra (SA), who was conceived after the Prophet’s return from Me’raj (ascension to the heavens in the twinkling of an eye) and his tasting of the fruits of paradise. That is one of the reasons God has referred to Hazrat Fatema (SA) as Kowsar (Spring of Perpetual Abundance) in the Holy Qur’an.
Islam will forever remain indebted to the sacrifices of Hazrat Khadija (SA), who as part of her selfless jihad for faith, endured three years of socio-economic boycott imposed on the Muslims by the pagan Arabs led by Abu Jahl and Abu Sufyan. During those days of confinement to the mountain pass outside Mecca known as She’b Abi Taleb, she spent everything, up to her last dirham, for the sake of Islam, to protect and feed the persecuted neo-Muslim community. Often, her future son-in-law, Imam Ali (AS) would risk his life to procure the needed grains for the Muslims. When she passed away on 10th Ramadhan shortly after uplifting of the siege by the frustrated pagans, the wealthiest Lady of Arabia had no money left for even a shroud, let alone leaving any inheritance for her daughter Fatema (SA). She was shrouded in the cloak of her weeping husband and laid to rest in the Jannat al-Mu’alla Cemetery, which alas was desecrated and destroyed by the Saudi Arabian authorities in 1925.
The sacrifices of Hazrat Khadija (SA) for Islam and her sufferings at the hands of ingrate Muslims (including the barren woman who dared to mock her memory in order to annoy the Prophet) do not end with her passing away. History bears witness that whenever Islam and Muslims were in danger it was the progeny of Khadija (SA) that rose to the rescue with Karbala being the crowning moment of the Great Sacrifice by her grandson Imam Husain (AS). The fact, that till this day in every corner of world, her direct descendants are known by their honourific epithet of Seyyed, is a lasting testimony to the only true Mother of all Believers.
There are only four women in the entire world who measured up to the lofty standards of real greatness and perfection set by Islam. They are:
1. Bibi Asiya (SA), the God fearing wife of Pharaoh
2. Bibi Maryam (SA), the mother of Jesus (Isa) (AS)
3. Bibi Khadija (SA), the daughter of Khawailad
4. Bibi Fatima Zahra (SA), the daughter of Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW)
Bibi Khadija (SA), the holy wife of The Lord of Prophets, Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and the mother of the Mistress of the Ladies of the Worlds, Bibi Fatima Zahra (SA), combined in her person all those attributes, which add up to perfection. Malikatul Arab (SA) was the ideal woman, the ideal wife for The Seal of Prophets, Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW), and the ideal mother.
Early Life of Bibi Khadija-tul-Kubra (SA)
After the death of Khawailad, Bibi Khadija (SA) took charge of the family business, and as a result, it rapidly expanded. With the profits she made, Bibi Khadija (SA) helped the poor, the widows, the orphans, the sick and the disabled. If there were any poor girls, Bibi Khadija (SA) married them off, and gave them dowry.
Although some family members acted as Bibi Khadija’s (SA) advisors on business matters, she trusted her own judgment, yet she still welcomed their advice and considered it. Most merchants who had cargo to sell in Syria or Yemen, such as Bibi Khadija (SA), didn’t have any interest in traveling with their caravans. So someone called an agent, was sent in the merchants place. The man chosen for the job was usually well known for his responsible business sense.
Bibi Khadija (SA) hired an agent whenever her caravan was equipped and ready to away. She gave him the responsibility of carrying and selling her merchandise in the foreign markets. By wisely selecting smart agents, and selling and buying at the right time and the right place, Bibi Khadija (SA) made fantastic profits, which made her the richest merchant in Mecca. Whenever caravans of the Meccan merchants set out on their journey, the cargo of Bibi Khadija (SA) alone was equal to the cargo of all the other merchants of the Quraysh put together. The citizens of Mecca referred to Bibi Khadija (SA) as the Princess of Quraysh because she demonstrated the proverbial “golden touch,” which implied that whatever she touched practically turned into gold.
Bibi Khadija (SA) had a deep dedication to Islam, and love for and gratitude to Allah. She sacrificed all her wealth for Islam and stood by the side of her husband, the Messenger of Islam (SAW). Holy Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) did not take another wife as long as Bibi Khadija (SA) lived.
Muhammad ibn Ishaq, the biographer of the Prophet (SAW), says that when Divine revelation was resumed after its cessation following the first two visits of Gabriel, Bibi Khadija (SA) received a tribute and a salutation of peace from Allah Almighty. Gabriel communicated the message to Prophet Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and when he conveyed it to Bibi Khadija (SA), her words were: “Allah is Peace, and from Him is all Peace, and may peace be on Gabriel.”
The Prophet (SAW) forever remembered Bibi Khadija (SA) with love, affection and gratitude. Her death filled his heart with deep pain and sorrow. Bibi Khadija (SA) expired on the 10 Ramadan of the 10th year of the Proclamation of Islam in 619, and was laid to rest in Hujun, Meccah Mukarramah. The Messenger of Allah himself descended into her grave to lay in it for a few moments. He (SAW) smoothed the earth on her grave after the burial.
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was asked about his wife the great Muslim lady, ‘Bibi Khadija-tul Kubra (RA), he said: “When none believed me, Bibi Khadija (RA) did. She made me a partner in her wealth.”
Bibi Khadija (RA), married the Holy Prophet (SAW) when she was 40 and he was 25. She stood by the Prophet (SAW) all the time. In moments of trial and difficulty the Prophet (SAW) used to come to her and she consoled and comforted her husband and encouraged him. Bibi Khadija’s (RA) wealth was used for the cause of Islam. The Prophet (SAW) remained busy in preaching Islam and his devoted and loving wife looked after the children and family affairs.
In Mecca, the Quraysh did all they could to stop the Prophet (SAW) preaching Islam. Nothing worked. The Prophet (SAW) continued his mission, relying on Allah. Bibi Khadija (RA) was his source of encouragement and comfort. She also had to bear enormous strain and suffering during the boycott at Sha’bi (the valley of) Abu Talib for three years.
The great Muslim lady Bibi Khadija (RA) passed away on10th Ramadan in the tenth year of Hejira, 620 CE, at the age of 65. Her death was a great loss to the Prophet (SAW). He said:
“I cannot bear the scene, I believe that Allah has kept much good in it.”
He loved Bibi Khadija (RA) so dearly that after her death he used to remember her often. Bibi Khadija’s (RA) status was such that the Angel Jibraeel (AS) used to bring salam (greetings) for her from Almighty Allah.
Her Marriage:
The holy matrimony between the 25-year-old Prophet (SAW) and the noble lady 40-year-old Bibi Khadija (SA) marked the starting point of great transformations in Islamic history. (Kanzul-Daqaieq, vol. 1, p. 397).
This felicitation and glorious wedlock provided the Prophet (SAW) with a strong financial backing to withstand the threats and economic sanctions of polytheists and to continue his mission unhindered. Above all, placed a sympathetic pious companion at his side in the difficult course of his Prophetic mission. (Muruj az-Zahab, Vol. 2, p. 284).
Bibi Khadija (SA) so earnestly and with such great love and devotion rested full authority of all her wealth on the Prophet (SAW), to ease the difficulties and release the pressure on new Muslim converts, that Almighty God brought her great generosity to the attention of the Prophet (SAW) with the descending of the following Verse which says: “... and found you in poverty and made you free from need.”. (Biharul-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 34. Holy Qur’an “Wa Zuha”, Verse 8).
Hadrat Khadija (S.A.), Mother of All True Believers
"By God, the Almighty did not grant me a better wife than her. She believed in me when the people used to mock at me and she acknowledged me when the people denied me. She shared her wealth and property with me and she bore me children which I was not destined to have through other women." (Sahih Bukhari)
These are not the emotional words of any ordinary husband lamenting the loss of a wife. These are, in fact the words of the Last Divine Messenger to mankind, who, as God vouches in the Holy Qur’an: “Does not speak out of desire. It is naught but revelation that is revealed.” (53:3,4)
Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) did not express these words in the state of bereavement at the passing away of the faithful Khadija (SA), who for over 25 years was his one and only spouse. He said these years later when one of the many wives that he had taken in the last ten years of his life out of social necessity, dared to mock the memory of the Mother of all true Believers (Umm al-Momenin) and thought herself as a younger and better wife. (Those interested in the identity of that barren woman who was duly reprimanded by the Prophet for her insult to the memory of Hazrat Khadija (SA) should refer to authentic compilations of hadith including the one by the esteemed Sunni scholar Bukhari).
A closer scrutiny of the Prophet’s tribute to his beloved wife reveals some interesting facts. It is a confirmation of the great sacrifices offered by Hazrat Khadija (SA) to the cause of Islam and Muslims. She was no ordinary Arab lady. As the daughter of the noble Khuwailed, she was linked five generations earlier to the same pedigree as the Prophet’s. She was respected in the pre-Islamic society of Arabia, not mere for her vast wealth that earned her the title of Malikat al-Arab (Queen of Arabia) but for her wisdom, knowledge, dignity, excellent temperament and above all chastity to the extent that she was acclaimed as Tahera (Spotlessly Pure).
On hearing of the reputation of Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) – who had not yet been commanded by God to announce his mission – as Sadeq (Truthful) and Ameen (Trustworthy), she entrusted him with management of her trade caravans. Impressed by the 25-year old youth’s honesty in discharging his duties, she proposed marriage to him, thereby setting a lasting precedent (as is evident in the Aqd formula for every Muslim marriage) that it is the woman who proposes and the man who accepts.
The Prophet consulted his uncle and guardian Hazrat Abu Taleb (AS), and history bears witness that the latter along with his younger brother Hazrat Hamza (AS) and other chiefs of prominent Arab families assembled at the house of Hazrat Khadija (SA) to formally seal the marriage offer. The nuptials were solemnised with great rejoicing by Abu Taleb (AS) who recited the khutba on behalf of his nephew the groom.
For the next quarter century they made the perfect husband and wife pair. Fifteen years after marriage when divine revelation dawned upon the husband the dedicated wife immediately believed in his mission as the Almighty’s Last Messenger to mankind and thereafter spent all her wealth in the propagation of Islam and protection of the neo Muslim community from persecution and poverty. Afif al-Kindi, who years later became a Muslim, says that on one of his visits to Mecca he accompanied Abbas ibn Abdul-Mutallib to the Ka’ba where an unfamiliar sight greeted him. He saw a man praying in what appeared to him a strange manner, while behind him stood a lady and a lad, earnestly emulating his acts of worship as he bent down in genuflexion (ruku’) and touched his forehead on the ground in prostration (sajda). He was told that the gentleman was (Prophet) Muhammad (SAWA), the lady was his wife Khadija (SA) and the lad was his cousin and ward, Ali ibn Abi Taleb (AS). Afif was told: Besides these three there is no one in the world professing the new faith.
The couple had several children including son Qasem, from whom the Prophet derived his agnomen (kunya) Abu’l-Qasem. But all died in infancy except the youngest daughter Fatema az-Zahra (SA), who was conceived after the Prophet’s return from Me’raj (ascension to the heavens in the twinkling of an eye) and his tasting of the fruits of paradise. That is one of the reasons God has referred to Hazrat Fatema (SA) as Kowsar (Spring of Perpetual Abundance) in the Holy Qur’an.
Islam will forever remain indebted to the sacrifices of Hazrat Khadija (SA), who as part of her selfless jihad for faith, endured three years of socio-economic boycott imposed on the Muslims by the pagan Arabs led by Abu Jahl and Abu Sufyan. During those days of confinement to the mountain pass outside Mecca known as She’b Abi Taleb, she spent everything, up to her last dirham, for the sake of Islam, to protect and feed the persecuted neo-Muslim community. Often, her future son-in-law, Imam Ali (AS) would risk his life to procure the needed grains for the Muslims. When she passed away on 10th Ramadhan shortly after uplifting of the siege by the frustrated pagans, the wealthiest Lady of Arabia had no money left for even a shroud, let alone leaving any inheritance for her daughter Fatema (SA). She was shrouded in the cloak of her weeping husband and laid to rest in the Jannat al-Mu’alla Cemetery, which alas was desecrated and destroyed by the Saudi Arabian authorities in 1925.
The sacrifices of Hazrat Khadija (SA) for Islam and her sufferings at the hands of ingrate Muslims (including the barren woman who dared to mock her memory in order to annoy the Prophet) do not end with her passing away. History bears witness that whenever Islam and Muslims were in danger it was the progeny of Khadija (SA) that rose to the rescue with Karbala being the crowning moment of the Great Sacrifice by her grandson Imam Husain (AS). The fact, that till this day in every corner of world, her direct descendants are known by their honourific epithet of Seyyed, is a lasting testimony to the only true Mother of all Believers.
في ذكرى وفاة أم المؤمنين خديجة الكبرى عليها السلام
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وكالة أهل البيت (ع) للأنباء _ ابنا _
في العشر الأول من شهر رمضان من عام الحزن الذي سبق هجرة النبي المصطفی (صلی الله عليه وآله) وبعد أيام معدودات من وفاة سيد البطحاء وحامي سيد الأنبياء أبي طالب (سلام الله عليه) إشتد المرض بزوجة الهادي المختار مولاتنا خديجة الکبری الصديقة الطاهرة (عليها السلام)، وفي أحد تلک الأيام دخلت عليها أمة الولاء الصالحة إسماء بنت عميس رضي الله عليها، فرأت الدموع تسيل من عينها وقد خنقتها عبرات الوجه فقالت لها: يا سيدتي، أتبکين وأنت سيدة النساء وزوج النبي (صلی الله عليه وآله)، وأنت المبشرة علی لسانه بالجنة؟
السيدة خديجة الكبرى سلام الله عليها.. ينبوع الكوثر
خديجة بنت خويلد بن أسد بن عبد العزّى بن قصّي بن كلاب بن مرة بن كعب بن لؤي بن غالب بن فهر، جدّها «خويلد» كان بطلاً مغواراً دافع عن حياض الكعبة المشرّفة في يوم لا ينسى. والدتها «فاطمة» بنت زائدة بن أصمّ بن رواحة بن حجر بن عبد بن معيص بن عامر بن لؤي بن غالب بن فهر، كانت سيّدة جليلة مشهود لها بالفضل والبرّ. إذن، فهذه السيّدة العظيمة خديجة الكبرى سلام الله عليها تنتسب إلى قبيلة قريش، ويلتقي نسبها بنسب الرسول الأعظم صلى الله عليه وآله عند جدّها الثالث من أبيها، وعند جدّها الثامن من أمّها.
للسيّدة خديجة عليها السلام ألقاب كثيرة تعكس عظيم نبلها وشديد قدسها، من هذه الألقاب: الصدّيقة، المباركة، أمّ المؤمنين، الطاهرة، الراضية، المرضية ...إلخ.
كانت تعطف على الجميع، وتحنو عليهم كأمّ رؤوم بأولادها، فكانت "أمّاً لليتامى"، و"أمّاً للصعاليك" و"أمّاً للمؤمنين"، وهي كوثر الخلق، وسمّيت أيضاً "أمّ الزهراء" أو ينبوع الكوثر.
بعد عامين من بعثة الرسول صلى الله عليه وآله التي بدأت من بيت خديجة، وفي طريق عودته من معراجه في شهر ربيع الأول، جاءه أمين الوحي جبريل وقال له: "حاجتي أن تقرأ على خديجة من الله ومنّي السلام، وعندما أبلغ الرسول الأكرم صلى الله عليه وآله زوجه خديجة عليها السلام سلامَ الله تعالى، قالت: إنّ الله هو السلام، منه السلام وإليه السلام.
رويت عن الرسول الأكرم صلى الله عليه وآله أحاديث كثيرة في مناقب السيّدة خديجة عليها السلام، نسلّط الضوء على بعضاً منها:
1. يا خديجة إنّ الله عزّوجلّ ليباهي بك كرام ملائكته كل يوم مرارا.
2. والله ما أبدلني الله خيراً منها قد آمنت بي إذ كفر بي الناس، وصدَّقتني إذ كذبني الناس ، وواستني بمالها إذ حرمنـي الناس، ورزقني الله أولادها وحرمني أولاد الناس.
3. خير نساء العالمين: مريم بنت عمران، وآسية بنت مزاحم، وخديجة بنت خويلد وفاطمة بنت محمد صلى الله عليه وآله.
4. خير نساء الجنة: خديجة بنت خويلد، وفاطمة بنت محمد، ومريم بنت عمران، وآسية بنت مزاحم (امرأة فرعون).
5 خديجة سبقت جميع نساء العالمين بالإيمان بالله وبرسوله.
6 أحببتها من أعماق فؤادي.
7 أحبّ من يحبّ خديجة.
8. لم يرزقني الله زوجة أفضل من خديجة أبداً.
9.لقد اصطفى الله عليّاً والحسن والحسين وحمزة وجعفر وفاطمة وخديجة على العالمين.
10.وقال صلى الله عليه وآله يخاطب عائشة: لا تتحدّثي عنها هكذا، لقد كانت أوّل من آمن بي، لقد أنجبت لي وحُرِمتِ.
ونكتفي هنا بالإشارة إلى بعض أصحاب السير والتراجم:
يقول ابن هشام صاحب المصنَّف الشهير «السيرة النبوية»: خديجة صاحبة النسب الكريم، والشرف الرفيع، والثروة والمال، وأحرص نساء قريش على صون الأمانة والتمسّك بالأصول الأخلاقية والعفة والكرامة الإنسانية، فهي التي تربّعت على قمة الشرف والمجد.
الذهبي وهو رائد علم الرجال عند العامة يقول:
خديجة، سيّدة نساء الجنة، حكيمة قريش، من قبيلة أسد، عظيمة القدر، ذات دين ومروءة وعزّة، من نساء الجنة وإحدى النساء اللائي تربّعن على قمة الكمال.
يقول ابن حجر العسقلاني فيها:
لقد صدّقت خديجة بالرسالة في اللحظات الأولى لبعثة الرسول الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله، وكان رسوخ إيمانها وثبات قدمها نابعين من يقين تام، وعقل راجح، وعزم راسخ.
قول السهيلي الذي له تصانيف كثيرة في السير والمغازي: خديجة سيدة نساء قريش، لقبّت بـ«الطاهرة» في الجاهلية والإسلام.
لقد كان التاريخ مجرّد قلم بيد المتملّقين يخطّونه خدمة لأغراض المستبدين، فاستبيحت الكثير من الحقائق وزوّرت الكثير غيرها حتى اشتبه الأمر وأصبحت الأكاذيب كأنّها وقائع تاريخية، وبلغت حدّاً من السوء بحيث إذا ما أماط الباحث اللثام عن الوقائع بالاستناد إلى الحقائق العلمية، أثار عمله دهشة الجميع واستغرابهم.
ومن ذلك ما قام به أحد الباحثين الذي قدّم أدلة دامغة على أنّ صاحب النبي الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله في الغار هو عبد الله بن أريقط بن بكر، حيث أنّ قصة الغار المعروفة تمّ تلفيقها في زمن معاوية وذلك بالمال، ليتمّ استبداله بشخص آخر.
قد أثبت هذا الباحث على أنّ عبارة «الأنزع البطين» مختلقة وهي من اختلاق أصحاب معاوية.
لقد كانت السيّدة خديجة عليها السلام على دين أبيها إبراهيم عليه السلام وذلك قبل أن يُبعث الرسول الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله، وكانوا يُعرفون بالحنفاء، وقد آمنت في اليوم الأول من بعثة المصطفى صلى الله عليه وآله، كما جاء في الحديث الشريف: أوّل من آمن بالنبي صلى الله عليه وآله من الرجال علي عليه السلام ومن النساء خديجة عليها السلام.
عندما رجع الرسول الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله من غار حراء وهو ينوء بثقل الرسالة العظيمة، كانت السيّدة خديجة عليها السلام في استقباله حيث قالت له: أيّ نور أرى في جبينك؟ فأجابها: إنّه نور النبوّة، ومن ثمّ شرح لها أركان الإسلام، فقالت له: "آمنت وصدّقت ورضيت وسلّمت".
كانت السيّدة خديجة أول سيّدة في الإسلام تصلّي، إذ أنّه لسنوات طويلة انحصر الإيمان بالدين الإسلامي بخديجة عليها السلام والإمام علي عليه السلام، وكان الرسول الأعظم يذهب إلى المسجد الحرام ويستقبل الكعبة وعلي عليه السلام إلى يمينه وخديجة خلفه، وكان هؤلاء الثلاثة هم النواة الأولى لأمّة الإسلام، وكانوا يعبدون معبودهم الواحد إلى جانب كعبة التوحيد.
كانت السيدة خديجة عليها السلام تفيض بالحنان والعطف على الإمام علي عليه السلام، لدرجة أنّها قالت فيه: إنّه أخي، وأخو النبي، أعزّ الناس إليه، وقرّة عين خديجة الكبرى عليها السلام.
نعم، إنّها أول سيّدة مسلمة تأكل من فاكهة الجنّة حيث ناولها الرسول الأعظم صلى الله عليه وآله بيده الشريفة عنقوداً من عنب الجنّة.
السيّدة خديجة عليها السلام هي الزوجة الوحيدة من بين أزواج النبي الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله التي أنسلها واستمرّ نسلها الطاهر حتى يومنا هذا. لقد ارتأت المشيئة الإلهية أن تكون السيّدة خديجة وعاءً لأنوار الإمامة وضيائها. والرسول الكريم صلى الله عليه وآله في معرض بيان عظم منزلة هذه السيّدة الجليلة، نجده يخاطب ابنته الأثيرة على قلبه الزهراء البتول عليها السلام بقوله: يا ابنتي، إنّ الله تعالى جعل خديجة وعاء لنور الإمامة.
طاهره اي در ظلمات جاهليّت ؛
 نوشتاري از آيت الله صافي گلپایگانی به مناسبت وفات
حضرت خديجه
(عليها
السلام)
|
به گزارش خبرگزاری اهل بیت(ع) ـ ابنا ـ شخصيت حضرت خديجه سلام الله عليها، داراي ابعاد مختلف و والايي است كه پرداختن به هر يك از آن ابعاد مي تواند بيانگر الگو و سرمشقي نيكو براي بانوان مسلمان باشد.
آنچه در ذيل مي آيد نوشتاري از مرجع عاليقدر حضرت آيت الله العظمي صافي گلپايگاني (مدظله) است كه به مناسبت وفات آن بانوي بزرگ اسلام نگاشته شده است و به بيان عظمت هاي شخصيت حضرت خديجه عليها السلام پرداخته است:
خديجه عليها السلام نمونه برجسته كمال، نبوغ، فهم و بينش بود كه همانند آن را در ميان مردان و زنان، كمتر ميتوان يافت، و عفّت، نجابت، طهارت، سخاوت، حسن معاشرت، صميميّت، مهر و وفا از جمله صفات برجسته او بود.
در جاهليّت، خديجه را طاهره و سيّده نساء قريش ميخواندند و در اسلام، يكي از چهار بانويي كه بر همه بانوان بهشت فضيلت و برتري دارند، شناخته شد و جز دختر ارجمند و عزيزش، هيچ بانويي اين مقام و فضيلت را نيافت.
آنچه در ذيل مي آيد نوشتاري از مرجع عاليقدر حضرت آيت الله العظمي صافي گلپايگاني (مدظله) است كه به مناسبت وفات آن بانوي بزرگ اسلام نگاشته شده است و به بيان عظمت هاي شخصيت حضرت خديجه عليها السلام پرداخته است:
خديجه عليها السلام نمونه برجسته كمال، نبوغ، فهم و بينش بود كه همانند آن را در ميان مردان و زنان، كمتر ميتوان يافت، و عفّت، نجابت، طهارت، سخاوت، حسن معاشرت، صميميّت، مهر و وفا از جمله صفات برجسته او بود.
در جاهليّت، خديجه را طاهره و سيّده نساء قريش ميخواندند و در اسلام، يكي از چهار بانويي كه بر همه بانوان بهشت فضيلت و برتري دارند، شناخته شد و جز دختر ارجمند و عزيزش، هيچ بانويي اين مقام و فضيلت را نيافت.
او براي رسول خدا صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم نعمتي بزرگ، و رحمتي از رحمات واسعه خداوند متعال بود.
براي مرد، به ويژه مردي كه بيرون خانه و در اجتماع به فعاليّتهاي بزرگ مشغول بوده و مقاصد عظيم داشته باشد و عهدهدار پيكار و جهاد بوده و مورد يورش مخالفان و هجوم دشمنان باشد، بهترين آرامش دهنده قلب و روح و نگهبان پايداري و استقامت و رفع كننده خستگي و ناراحتي، همسر هوشيار و خردمند و مهربان و دلسوز است.
اگر مردي در خارج از خانه با دشمنان گرم پيكار گشته و به حملههاي وحشيانه، استهزاء، سرزنش و اذيّت و آزار مردم گرفتار گردد و در منزل نيز با همسري نادان و بدخو و ترسو، ضعيف و شماتت گر، روبرو شود كه او را از كار و هدف وي و پيمودن راهي كه مدّ نظر اوست باز دارد و او را سرزنش كند و به ترك دعوا و تسليم شدن به دشمنان وادار نمايد، از اينكه هر روز شوهرش مورد شتم و استهزاي جاهلان قرار ميگيرد، خسته و ناخوشايند باشد و در پي حلّ مشكلات همسر خويش برنيايد، بي شك مشكلات و دشواريهاي آن مرد، دو چندان خواهد شد.
پيامبر اسلام صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم آورنده بزرگ ترين رسالت آسماني، از طرف خدا مأمور بود كه با خرافات و مظاهر شرك و بت پرستي و ستمگري و محروميّت تودههاي ضعيف و فقر و جهل و ناداني، فساد و فحشا و آنچه رذايل بود، مبارزه و با گردنكشان، مشركان و بت پرستانِ متعصّب، رؤساي قبايل و سران استثمار، با عادات و اديان باطل و تعصّبات كوركورانه جهاد كند.
مشركان، همه توان و قدرت خويش از جمله: شجاعان پيلتن و مردافكن، شعراي دشنام ده و ناسزاگو، اراذل و اوباش، زن و مرد، خويش و بيگانه، را براي مبارزه با اهداف آن حضرت بسيج كردند؛ و تا آنجا كه ميتوانستند او و چند تن از يارانش را اذيّت كردند؛ ميزدند؛ رنج داده، ناسزا ميگفتند؛ سر راهش را با خار و خاشاك ميبستند؛ در حال نماز و پرستش به او توهين كرده و روابط خود را با او ويارانش قطع نمودند. طعام و خوار و بار را در اختيار او و كسان و پيروانش قرار نميدادند و در كل، محيط خارج، عليه پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم به پيكار و نبرد برخاسته بود و همه مشركان با دعوت و رسالتش مخالفت مينمودند.
با وجود اين همه دشمن، و موانع و مشكلات، اگر در ميان همه اين دشمنان، پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم هر روز وقتي به خانه ميآمد، با چهره گرفته و معترض همسرش، آن هم همسري كه سيّده زنان قريش و داراي آن شخصيّت و صاحب آن همه ثروت و مكنت بود، روبرو ميشد كه از راه دلسوزي و ترحّم و يا اعتراض، از او ميخواست تا از دعوت خويش دست بردارد و خود را مورد اين همه اهانت و استهزاء قرار ندهد، در چه وضع عجيب و دشواري قرار ميگرفت؟!
اگر آن همسر محترم كه ثروت كم نظير خودش را در اختيار شوهر قرار داده بود تا در راه خدا و دستگيري از فقيران انفاق كند، پيشنهاد ميداد كه: مناسب است با قوم و قبيله ات كه حاضرند تو را امير و پادشاه خود قرار دهند، سازش كني؛ و با دين و روش آنها كاري نداشته باشي و زندگي آرام و راحت ما را به يك زندگي سرشار از حادثه و نگراني تبديل ننمايي، پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم چگونه او را قانع ميساخت؟ و چه كسي توانايي مرهم گذاشتن بر جراحات روح و جسم آن حضرت را داشت؟
بيشك سراسر زندگي پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم از داخل و خارج خانه، فشار و مانع و سختي ميشد. ولي لطف خدا دريچههاي قلب خديجه را چنان به سوي درك حقّانيّت دعوت اسلام باز كرد و آن چنان دلش را نوراني و سرشار از معرفت و حكمت گردانيده بود كه هرگز پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم با چنان منظره اسفناك، در داخل خانه روبرو نشد.
دكتوره «بنت الشّاطي» ميگويد: «آيا همسري غير از خديجه اين استعداد را دارا بود كه دعوت تاريخي شوهرش را وقتي از غار حرا آمد، با ايمان قوي و آغوش باز و مهر و عطوفت استقبال كند، بي آن كه در راستي او و اينكه خداوند او را تنها نخواهد گذاشت، شكّي در دل راه بدهد؟
آيا جز خديجه، هيچ بانوي ثروتمندي كه در ناز و نعمت و آسايش و احترام زيسته، ميتوانست با كمال رضايت و خرسندي از زندگي اشرافي، اموال بسيار و عزّت و توانگري چشم بپوشد؛ تا در دشوار ترين لحظات زندگي كنار همسرش بايستد و او را در بلايا و مشكلات موجود در راه تحقّق هدفي كه به حقّانيّت آن ايمان داشت، ياري كند؛ حاشا و كلّا! فقط خديجه چنين بود و زنان ديگر چون او نيستند، مگر آنكه در طبقه و رتبه او باشند.» (1)
خداوند به جاي شهر مكّه، مردم مكّه و مهر و محبّت آنها و استقبال ايشان از دعوت به توحيد خديجه را به پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم عطا كرد، و او هنگامي كه حضرت به خانه ميآمد، به استقبال وي ميشتافت و از حال وي پرسش ميكرد و از او دلجويي مينمود و رحمت و نصرت و لطف خدا را به ياد او آورده، گرد و غبار را از چهره درخشانش ميشست؛ و ملالت آزار قوم را با تسلاّهاي گرم از دلش ميزدود.
«ابن اسحاق» ميگويد: سخني از قوم در ردّ و تكذيب، كه موجب اندوه و آزردگي فكر و خاطرش شود، نميشنيد؛ مگر آن كه خدا آن اندوه را به واسطه خديجه برطرف ميساخت. خديجه سنگيني سخنان سخت را بر او سبك ميكرد و او را تصديق مينمود. و رفتار و جسارتهاي مردم را بي ارزش و بي اهميّت ميشمرد.
آري، خديجه نخستين زني بود كه دين اسلام را پذيرفت و با پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم نماز خواند؛ و جز علي بن ابي طالب عليه السلام ـ كه همواره پيش و بعد از بعثت، ملازم و پيرو پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم بود و از راه و روش پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم لحظهاي جدا نشد ـ كسي از بندگان خدا سابقه اسلام او را ندارد.
خديجه با دورانديشي و افكار حكيمانه، خردمندي و حدس صائبي كه داشت، دعوت پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم را پذيرفت، و سوابقِ نيكو و درخشان رسول خدا صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم و اخلاق و صداقت و راستگويي و امانتداري، ياري ضعفا و دستگيري از فقرا، تواضع، قناعت و ايثار و بخشش و مهمان نوازي و ساير صفات پسنديده آن حضرت، همه در نظر خديجه ـ آن زن آزموده حكيمه ـ مجسّم بود؛ و ميدانست آن سوابق عالي و ملكوتي، در چنان محيط تاريك و پر از فساد و تباهي از علايم نبوّت است.
خديجه، پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم را به خوبي شناخته و دريافته بود كه او از باطل پرهيز دارد و از دروغ بيزار است.
بنابراين خديجه در پذيرفتن اسلام، هيچ گونه صبر و ترديدي نكرد؛ و از همان قدم اوّل، يار و مددكار پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم شد و ثروت و اموال خود را براي ياري دين خدا، در اختيار پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم قرار داد.
خديجه نيز چون پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم از آزار مشركان و بت پرستان بي نصيب نماند؛ زنها از او كناره گرفته و رفت و آمد با او را قطع كردند؛ به او زخم زبان ميزدند و سخنان درشت ميگفتند، حتّي در هنگام زايمان به كمك او نميآمدند و او را تنها ميگذاشتند.
امّا خديجه، آيندهاي را ميديد كه ديگران نميديدند. او ميدانست دين محمّد حقّ است؛ و طولي نخواهد كشيد كه پرستش خداي يگانه، جاي پرستش بتها را خواهد گرفت؛ و خدا پيامبرش را ياري ميكند و روز به روز بر شهرتش افزوده ميشود.
آري، خديجه در اسلام مقامي يافت كه از ميان بانوان، جز دخترش ـ كه سيّده نساء عالمين است ـ كسي به آن مقام و افتخار دست نيافت، و خدا نسل پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم را از چنين بانويي قرار داد.
پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم در عين نشاط جواني، در سنِّ بيست و پنج سالگي با خديجه كه چهل سال از عمر خويش را پشت سر گذاشته بود، ازدواج كرد. و حدود بيست و چهار سال، خديجه چراغ خانه پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم و انيس و غمخوار او بود و پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم تا خديجه زنده بود، يعني تا سنّ پنجاه سالگي خودش و شصت و پنج سالگي خديجه، زن ديگري اختيار نكرد.
بعد از خديجه هم اگر چه به اقتضاي حكمتها و مصالحي، زنهاي متعدّدي گرفت، ولي هيچ يك از آنها جاي خديجه را نگرفتند و فراقي را كه از فقدان خديجه در خانه رسول خدا صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم پيدا شد، پر نكردند، و پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم از آنها صاحب فرزندي نشد و نسل او از خديجه باقي ماند.
پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم خديجه را فراموش نكرده و از اخلاق و صفات او ياد ميفرمود؛ به كساني كه با او آشنا و دوست بودند، احسان و لطف ميكرد.
«عايشه» ميگويد: «بر احدي از زنهاي پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم آن قدر غيرت نورزيدم كه بر خديجه غيرت ورزيدم. براي اينكه پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم بسيار از او ياد ميفرمود و اگر گوسفندي ذبح ميشد، از آن براي دوستان خديجه ميفرستاد». (2)
و نيز از «عايشه» روايت شده است كه: «رسول خدا صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم از خانه بيرون نميرفت، مگر آن كه خديجه را ياد ميكرد و بر او به خوبي و نيكي مدح و ثنا ميفرمود.
روزي از روزها غيرت مرا گرفت، گفتم: او پير زني بيش نبود و خدا بهتر از او را به شما عوض داده است. پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله و سلّم غضبناك شد؛ به طوري كه موي جلوي سرش از خشم تكان ميخورد؛ سپس فرمود: «نه، به خدا، بهتر از او را خدا به من عوض نداده، ايمان آورد به من، وقتي مردم، كافر گرديدند و تصديق كرد مرا، هنگامي كه مردم مرا تكذيب ميكردند و در اموال خود با من مواسات كرد، وقتي مردم مرا محروم ساختند و خدا از او فرزنداني روزي من كرد و از زنان ديگر محروم فرمود». (3)
«انس بن مالك» روايت كرده كه رسول خدا صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم فرمود: «بهترين زنان عالم مريم بنتِ عمران وآسيه بنت مزاحم و خديجه بنت خُوَيْلِد و فاطمه بنت محمّد صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم هستند».(4)
از «ابن عبّاس» روايت شده كه: پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم چهار خط در زمين كشيد و فرمود: «آيا ميدانيد اين چيست؟» عرض كردند: «خدا و رسول خدا داناتر است.» پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم فرمود: «فاضلترين زنان بهشت، خديجه بنت خويلد و فاطمه بنت محمّد صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم و مريم بنت عمران و آسيه بنت مزاحم ـ همسر فرعون ـ ميباشند.» (5)
در «سيره ابن هشام» روايت كرده كه: جبرييل خدمت رسول خدا آمد و گفت: «خديجه را از طرف خدا سلام برسان».
پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم فرمود:
يا خَديجَةٌ هذا جِبْريلُ، يُقْرِئُكِ السَّلام مِنْ رَبِّكِ. فَقَالَتْ خَديجَةُ : اَللهُ السَّلامُ وَمِنْهُ السَّلامُ، وعَلي جِبْريلَ السَّلامُ» (6)
و به روايت «حاكم»، خديجه فرمود:
اِنّ اللهَ هُوَ السَّلامُ وَ عَلي جِبْريلَ السَّلامُ، وَ عَلَيْكَ السَّلامُ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكاتُه».(7)
يكي از مزاياي خديجه اين بود كه همواره پيش از بعثت و بعد از بعثت، پيامبر صلّي الله عليه وآله وسلّم را تعظيم ميكرد و سخنش را تصديق مينمود. فضايل خديجه و كرايم اخلاق او بسيار است كه قلم ناتوان امثال بنده توان بيان آن را ندارد. سَلامُ الله عَلَيْها وَ عَلي بَعْلِها رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلّي اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ وَ عَلَي ابْنَتِها سَيَّدَةِ نِساءِ الْعالَمينَ وَ عَلي صَهْرِها عَلِيٍّ اَميرِ الْمُؤمِنينَ وَ سَيِّدِ الْمُسْلِمينَ وَ عَلي اَبْنائِهَا الْاَئِمَّةِ الطّاهِرينَ.
لطف الله صافي
پي نوشت ها:
1. اهل البيت ـ توفيق ابو علم، ص 102، ترجمه نقل به معني.
2. اسدالغابه، ج 5، ص 436 و كتب ديگر.
3. همان.
4. اسدالغابه، ج 5، ص 437؛ الاستيعاب، بهامش الاصابة، ج 4، ص 284 و 285.
5. همان.
6. كشف الغمه، ج 2، ص 124؛ اي خديجه، اين جبرئيل است كه از جانب پروردگارت به تو سلام ميفرستد، پس خديجه عرض كرد: «خداوند، سلام است، و هر سلامي از اوست و بر جبرئيل سلام باد».
7. كشف الغمه، ج 2، ص 124؛ خداوند، سلام است و بر جبرئيل و بر تو سلام و رحمت و بركات خدا باد.
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